Abstract
The photophysics of 6-propionyl-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)naphthalene (PRODAN) in liquid water are reported. Our results demonstrate that the often mentioned extra blue-edge shoulder seen for PRODAN in liquid water is a result of PRODAN—PRODAN intermolecular interactions in a supersaturated PRODAN solution and not a consequence of impurities in the commercial PRODAN preparations. In all cases where the aqueous PRODAN solution is not supersaturated, there is no detectable blue-edge emission shoulder.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Haugland
R. P.
, in Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Chemicals ,
Larison
K. D.
, Ed. (Molecular Probes , Eugene, Oregon , 1992 ), 5th ed.
2.
Weber
G.
Farris
F. J.
, Biochemistry 18 , 3075 (1979 ).
3.
Torgerson
P. M.
Drickamer
H. G.
Weber
G.
, Biochemistry 18 , 3079 (1979 ).
4.
Rollinson
A. M.
Drickamer
H. G.
, J. Chem. Phys. 73 , 5981 (1980 ).
5.
Macgregor
R. B.
Jr.
Weber
G.
, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 366 , 140 (1981 ).
6.
Lakowicz
J. R.
Balter
A.
, Biophys. Chem. 16 , 117 (1982 ).
7.
Lakowicz
J. R.
Balter
A.
, Biophys. Chem. 16 , 223 (1982 ).
8.
Bright
F. V.
Keimig
T. L.
McGown
L. B.
, Anal. Chim. Acta 175 , 189 (1985 ).
9.
Massey
J. B.
She
H. S.
Pownall
H. J.
, Biochemistry 24 , 6973 (1985 ).
10.
McGown
L. B.
, Anal. Instrum. 14 , 251 (1985 ).
11.
Nowak
W.
Adamczak
P.
Balter
A.
Sygula
A.
, J. Molec. Struct. (Theochem.) 139 , 13 (1986 ).
12.
Cowley
D. J.
, Nature 319 , 14 (1986 ).
13.
Heisel
F.
Miehé
J. A.
Szemik
A. W.
, Chem. Phys. Lett. 138 , 321 (1987 ).
14.
Balter
A.
Nowak
W.
Pawelkiewicz
W.
Kowalczyk
A.
, Chem. Phys. Lett. 143 , 565 (1988 ).
15.
Chong
P. L.
, Biochemistry 27 , 399 (1988 ).
16.
Ilich
P.
Prendergast
F. G.
, J. Phys. Chem. 93 , 4441 (1989 ).
17.
Chong
P. L.
Capes
S.
Wong
P. T.
, Biochemistry 28 , 8358 (1989 ).
18.
Chapman
C. F.
Fee
R. S.
Maroncelli
M.
, J. Phys. Chem. 94 , 4929 (1990 ).
19.
Sommer
A.
Paltauf
F.
Hermetter
A.
, Biochemistry 29 , 11134 (1990 ).
20.
Chapman
C. F.
Maroncelli
M.
, J. Phys. Chem. 95 , 9095 (1991 ).
21.
Zeng
J.
Chong
P. L.
, Biochemistry 30 , 9485 (1991 ).
22.
Betts
T. A.
Zagrobelny
J.
Bright
F. V.
, J. Supercritical Fluids 5 , 48 (1992 ).
23.
Betts
T. A.
Zagrobelny
J.
Bright
F. V.
, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 , 8163 (1992 ).
24.
Bunker
C. E.
Bowen
T. L.
Sun
Y.-P.
, Photochem. Photobiol. 58 , 499 (1993 ).
25.
Lundgren
J. S.
Bekos
E. J.
Wang
R.
Bright
F. V.
, Anal. Chem. 66 , 2433 (1994 ).
26.
Narang
U.
Jordan
J. D.
Prasad
P. N.
Bright
F. V.
, J. Phys. Chem. 98 , 8101 (1994 ).
27.
Spencer
R. D.
Weber
G.
, J. Chem. Phys. 52 , 1654 (1970 ).
28.
Lakowicz
J. R.
Cherek
H.
Balter
A.
, J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 5 , 131 (1981 ).
29.
Litwiler
K. S.
Huang
J.
Bright
F. V.
, Anal. Chem. 62 , 471 (1990 ).
30.
Beechem
J. M.
Gratton
E.
, in Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry ,
Lakowicz
J. R.
, Ed. (SPIE , Bellingham, Washington , 1988 ), pp. 70 –81 .
31.
Beechem
J. M.
Gratton
E.
Ameloot
M.
Knutson
J. R.
Brand
L.
, in Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy ,
Lakowicz
J. R.
, Ed. (Plenum Press , New York , 1991 ), vol. 2 , pp. 241 –305 .
32.
Perez
S. A.
Colón
L. A.
, Electrophoresis 17 , 352 (1996 ).
