Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The photovoltaic method for the detection of liquid-phase photoionization in the absence of an applied electric field is compared to the traditional photoconductive method. Each system is characterized by means of signal and signal-to-noise ratio measurements with respect to laser pulse energy, applied voltage, electrode separation distance, solute concentration, and solvent composition. Although both techniques exhibit similar detection limits (1 × 10⁻⁷ M) for solutes in polar solvents such as methanol and water, the photovoltaic technique has a more extensive linear dynamic range (10³). Moreover, this technique allows detection of solutes in ionic solutions with comparable detectability and linearity.

Keywords

Photoionization Photoconductive detection Photovoltaic detection Spectroscopic techniques Instrumentation

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Mort

and Pai

D. M

, Photoconductivity and Related Phenomena (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976).

Yamada

and Ogawa

, Prog. Anal. Spectrosc. 9, 429 (1986).

Coleman

W. F.

Prisant

M. G.

and Zare

R. N

, J. Phys. Chem. 84, 2685 (1980).

Judge

J. W.

and McGuffin

V. L

, Anal. Chem. 63, 2564 (1990).

Raz

and Jortner

, Chem. Phys. Lett. 4, 155 (1969).

Messing

and Jortner

, Chem. Phys. 24, 183 (1977).

Bullot

and Gauthier

, Can. J. Chem. 35, 1821 (1977).

Holroyd

R. A.

and Allen

, J. Chem. Phys. 54, 5014 (1971).

Bernas

Grand

and Amouyal

, J. Phys. Chem. 84, 1259 (1980).

10.

Onsager

, Phys. Rev. 54, 554 (1938).

11.

Lide

D. R.

, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Chemical Rubber Publishing Co., Boca Raton, Florida, 1990), 71st ed.

12.

Schmidt

W. F.

, in Photoconductivity and Related Phenomena, Mort

and Pai

D. M

, Eds. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976), Chap. 9.

13.

Voigtman

and Winefordner

J. D

, Anal. Chem. 54, 1834 (1982).

14.

Berthod

Mellone

Voigtman

and Winefordner

J. D

, Anal. Sci. 3, 405 (1987).

15.

Locke

D. C.

Dhingra

B. S.

and Baker

A. D

, Anal. Chem. 54, 477 (1982).

16.

Yamada

Yoshida

Kawazumi

Nagamura

and Ogawa

, Chem. Phys. Lett. 122, 391 (1985).

17.

Albery

W. J.

and Archer

M. D

, Electrochim. Acta 21, 1155 (1976).

18.

Quickenden

T. I.

and Yim

G. K

, J. Phys. Chem. 83, 2796 (1979).

19.

Yamada

Ogawa

and Zhang

, Anal. Chim. Acta 183, 251 (1986).

20.

Kakato

Ozaki

Egawa

and Tsobomura

, Chem. Phys. Lett. 9, 615 (1971).

21.

Holroyd

and Russell

, J. Phys. Chem. 78, 2128 (1974).

22.

Hirata

and Mataga

, Prog. Reaction Kinetics 18, 273 (1993).

23.

Takeda

Houser

and Jarnagin

, J. Chem. Phys. 54, 3195 (1971).

24.

Braun

Scott

and Albrecht

, Chem. Phys. Lett. 84, 248 (1981).

25.

Hirata

and Mataga

, J. Phys. Chem. 88, 3091 (1984).

26.

Hirata

and Mataga

, J. Phys. Chem. 87, 3190 (1983).

27.

Voigtman

and Snyder

P. A

, Anal. Instrum. 19, 1 (1990).

28.

Richards

J. T.

and Thomas

J. K

, Trans. Faraday Soc. 66, 621 (1970).

29.

Albery

W. J.

and Archer

M. D

, J. Electroanal. Chem. 86, 1 (1978).

30.

Ogawa

Yasuda

and Kawazumi

, Anal. Chem 64, 2615 (1992).

31.

Yamada

and Ogawa

, Anal. Sci. 2, 199 (1986).

Comparative Study of Photovoltaic and Photoconductive Detection Methods for Liquid-Phase Photoionization

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References