A comparison of microscopic Raman images acquired with an optical-fiber critical (Nelson) illumination system, an optical-fiber Koehler laser illumination system, and Koehler laser illumination without an optical fiber demonstrates performance differences between the three illumination methods. Best images are obtained with optical-fiber Koehler illumination.
MasonC. W., Handbook of Chemical Microscopy (Wiley, New York, 1983), 4th ed., Vol. 1.
3.
BornM. and WolfE, Principles of Optics (Pergamon Press, New York, 1980), 6th ed. pp. 522–526.
4.
LipsonS. G. and LipsonH, Optical Physics (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1969).
5.
PlutaM., Advanced Light Microscopy, Vol. 1, Principles and Basic Properties (Elsevier, New York, 1988).
6.
ChenV., “Non-Laser Illumination for Confocal Microscopy”, in Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, PawleyJ. B., Ed. (Plenum Press, New York, 1990), Chap. 6.
7.
PallisterD. M.GovilA.MorrisM. D. and ColburnW. S, Appl. Spectrosc.48, 1015 (1994).
8.
YangB.MorrisM. D. and OwenH, Appl. Spectrosc.45, 765 (1991).
9.
Microscopic and Spectroscopic Imaging of the Chemical State, MorrisM. D., Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1993), Chap. 3.
10.
GovilA.PallisterD. M. and MorrisM. D, Appl. Spectrosc.47, 75 (1993).
11.
GovilA.PallisterD. M.PallisterJ. E. and MorrisM. D, “Z-Axis Deconvolution Digital Confocal Raman Microscopy and 3 D Raman Imaging”, manuscript in preparation (1994).
12.
WilliamsK. P. J.PittG. D.BatchelderD. N. and KippB. J, Appl. Spectrosc.48, 232 (1994).