Abstract
The use of a mid-infrared transmitting fiber to monitor the cure process of a polyurethane foam is described. A chalcogenide fiber was situated between the spectrometer and a remote detector, but passed through the center of a polyurethane foam. This fiber was used as an internal reflectance element to observe changes in the polyurethane curing process. The appearance and disappearance of absorbances in the NH-stretching, carbonyl stretching (free urea and urethane, hydrogen-bonded urethane, and monodentate and bidentate hydrogen-bonded urea), isocyanate, and isocyanurate regions were monitored. These changes provided information about the reaction kinetics and morphological development of the foam.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Saito
M.
Takizawa
M.
Ikegawa
K.
and
Takami
H
, J. Appl. Phys. 63 , 269 (1988 ).
2.
Lines
M. E.
, Science 226 , 663 (1984 ).
3.
Drexhage
M. G.
and
Moynihan
C. T
, Sci. Am. 259 , 110 (1988 ).
4.
Drexhage
M. G.
, Laser Focus World 27 , 149 (1991 ).
5.
Harrington
J. A.
and
Sparks
M
, Opt. Lett. 8 , 223 (1983 ).
6.
Miyashita
T.
and
Manabe
T
, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18 , 1432 (1982 ).
7.
Druy
M. A.
Elandjian
L.
and
Stevenson
W. A
, Proc. SPIE–Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 986 , 130 (1989 ).
8.
Druy
M. A.
Elandjian
L.
Stevenson
W. A.
Ferer
S. K.
and
Baudais
F
, Proc. SPIE–Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1145 , 471 (1989 ).
9.
Compton
D. A. C.
Hill
S. L.
Wright
N. A.
Druy
M. A.
Piche
J.
Stevenson
W. A.
and
Vidrine
D. W
, Appl. Spectrosc. 42 , 972 (1988 ).
10.
Feinstein-Jaffe
I.
Forstein
A.
and
Katz
M
, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 , 7042 (1991 ).
11.
Christenson
C. P.
Harthcock
M. A.
Meadows
M. D.
Spell
H. L.
Howard
W. L.
Creswick
M. W.
Guerra
R. E.
and
Turner
R. B
, J. Poly. Sci. 24 , 1401 (1986 ).
12.
Priester
R. D.
Jr.
McClusky
J. V.
O'Neill
R. E.
Turner
R. B.
Harthcock
M. A.
and
Davis
B. L
, J. Cell. Plast. 26 , 346 (1990 ).
13.
Davis
B. L.
Harthcock
M. A.
Christenson
C. P.
and
Turner
R. B
, Proc. SPIE–Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 1145 , 542 (1989 ).
14.
Coleman
M. M.
Lee
K. H.
Shrovanek
D. J.
and
Painter
P. C
, Macromolecules 19 , 2149 (1986 ).
15.
Armstead
J. P.
Wilkes
G. L.
and
Turner
R. B
, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 35 , 601 (1988 ).
16.
Van Gheluwe
P.
and
Leroux
J
, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 28 , 2053 (1983 ).