AsimovI., Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (Doubleday, Garden City, New York, 1982), 2nd revised ed.
2.
Encyclopaedia Brittanica. Articles on Eyeglasses, Lens, Light, Microscope, Mirror, Ophthalmology, Optics, and Telescope.
3.
Dictionary of Scientific Biography, GillispieC. C., Ed. (Scribners, New York, 1971).
4.
A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, WilliamsT. I., Ed. (John Wiley, New York, 1982), 3rd ed.
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MillerF. A., Appl. Spectrosc.37, 219 (1983).
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MillerF. A., Appl. Spectrosc.40, 911 (1986).
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JohnM. HoodJr., Optics News, March, 16 (1985).
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StavroudisO. N., Appl. Opt.12, A16 (Oct., 1973).
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MielenzK. D., Appl. Opt.13, A14 (Feb., 1974).
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PutleyE. H., Infrared Phys.22, 127 (1982), Esp. Appendix I, p. 131.
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LloydW. Taylor, Physics: The Pioneer Science (Houghton Mifflin, New York, 1941), p. 471.
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AsimovI., Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (Doubleday, Garden City, New York, 1982), 2nd revised ed., article on Alhazen.
13.
Encyclopaedia Brittanica (1966), article on Alhazen.
14.
Reference 9, article on Eyeglasses.
15.
Van HeldenAlbert, The Invention of the Telescope, Trans. American Philosophical Society67, pp. 1–67 (Part 4, June 1977), esp. pp. 10–11.
16.
GalileiGalileo, Sidereus Nuncius or the Sidereal Messenger, translated by Van HeldenAlbert (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1989). Introduction by Van Helden, p. 1 ff.
17.
HenryC. King, The History of the Telescope (Charles Griffin and Co. Ltd., London, 1955), pp. 27–28.
18.
Reference 8, article on Nicholas of Cusa.
19.
Reference 9, article on the Telescope.
20.
Reference 13, pp. 30–33.
21.
Reference 13, p. 34.
22.
Reference 12, p. 8.
23.
Encyclopaedia Brittanica (1985), article on James Short.
Reference 11, pp. 5 (footnote 1), 7 (footnotes 28 and 32), 63.
28.
Reference 9, article on the Microscope.
29.
BishopW. J.MathesonN. M., Medicine and Science in Postage Stamps (Harvey and Blythe Ltd., London, 1948), p. 11.
30.
Reference 9, article on Leeuwenhoek.
31.
DellyJ. G., The Microscope, 24, 279 (1976); 26, 97 (1978).
32.
Reference 9, article on the Rainbow.
33.
GreenlerRobert, Rainbows, Halos, and Glories (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York, 1980), pp. 1–5.
34.
NewtonI., Phil. Trans.No. 80, 3075–3087 (Feb. 19,1671/72). Facsimile reproduction in Isaac Newton's Papers and Letters on Natural Philosophy, CohenI. B., Ed. (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1978), 2nd ed., pp. 47–59.
35.
Reference 9, articles on Newton and the Telescope.
36.
NewtonIsaac, Opticks, or a Treatise on the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections, and Colours of Light (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1952). Based on the 4th ed., 1730. With introductory material by EinsteinAlbertWhittakerE. T.CohenI. B.RollerD. H. D..
37.
Reference 32. Introduction by WhittakerE. T., p. xxvii.
38.
A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, WilliamsT. I., Ed. (John Wiley, New York, 1982), 3rd ed., article on Dolland.
39.
Reference 9, article on Lens.
40.
Reference 34, article on Fresnel.
41.
Reference 34, article on Arago.
42.
Reference 9, article on the Mirror.
43.
Reference 25, p. 79.
44.
JeremyM. Wolfe, Optics and Photonics News, May, 58 (1991).
45.
MikulaZdenek, Philatelia Chimica et Physica10, #2, 37 (1988).
46.
RobertL. Weber, Physics on Stamps (A. S. Barnes and Co., New York, 1980), p. 93.