A commercial heat-pipe oven (HPO) was modified to extend the useful temperature range from 700°C to ∼1700°C. The utility of the modified heat pipe oven as an atom source for spectroscopy is demonstrated with a laser atomic absorption study of the hyperfine splitting of Tm (m.p. 1545°C).
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Past, Present and Future, Spectrochim. Acta35B, No. 11/12 (1980) and 36B, No. 5 (1981).
3.
AlkemadeC. Th. J. and HerrmannR, Fundamentals of Analytical Flame Spectroscopy (Halsted Press, New York, 1979).
4.
Flame Emission and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. DeanJ. A. and RainsT. C, Eds. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1969, 1971, 1975), Vols. I–III.
5.
AlkemadeC. Th. J., in Analytical Flame Spectroscopy, MavrodineanuR., Ed. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1970), Chap. 1.
6.
SchrenkW. G., Appl. Spectrosc.40, xix (1986).
7.
BechtelJ. H. and ChraplyvyA. R, Proc. IEEE70, 658 (1982).
8.
L'vovB. V., Atomic Absorption Spectrochemical Analysis (American Elsevier, New York, 1970).
9.
L'vovB. V., Spectrochim. Acta33B, 153 (1978).
10.
KoirtyohannS. R. and KaiserM. L, Anal. Chem.54, 1515A (1982).
11.
SlavinW., Graphite Furnace Source Book (Perkin-Elmer Corporation, Ridgefield, Connecticut, 1984).
12.
MeltonL. A., “Operation of Near Ideal Heat Pipes,” in Proceedings of the 10th Materials Research Sympsoium on Characterization of High Temperature Vapors and Gases, NBS SP561, (1979), pp. 153–168.
13.
HamadaniS. M.StockdaleJ. A. D.ComptonR. N. and PindzolaM. S, Phys. Rev. A34, 1938 (1986).
14.
CarneyK. P. and EdelsonM. C, Technical Report IS-4976, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University (1988).
15.
Comstock, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
16.
Bolt Technical Ceramics, Conroe, Texas.
17.
American Institute of Physics Handbook (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1972), 3rd ed. pp. 4–300.
18.
BordarierP. Y.VetterR. and BlaiseJ, J. Phys. (Paris)24, 1107 (1963).
19.
ThorneA. P., Spectrophysics (Chapman and Hall, London, 1988), 2nd ed. p. 263.
20.
MartinW. C.ZalubasR. and HaganL, Atomic Energy Levels—The Rare Earth Elements (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1978), pp. 344, 351.
21.
SchulerH. and SchmidtTh, Naturwissenschaften22, 838 (1934).
22.
KopfermannH., Nuclear Moments (Academic Press, New York, 1958), p. 441.
23.
BlaiseJ. and VetterR, C. R. Acad. Sci.256, 630 (1963).
24.
WahabH. S. and ChakrabartiC. L, Spectrochim. Acta36B, 475 (1981).