A reaction system and a high temperature cell have been developed for the infrared spectroscopy of surface species during catalytic reaction. The reaction system was a closed circulation apparatus operated by a bellows pump, and the temperature of catalyst in the cell could be varied over a wide range from —195 to 700°C. Thus, formate ion was detected on an alumina catalyst during the water gas shift reaction between 300 and 500°C. Also, the combination of the infrared spectroscopy with the temperature-programed desorption of adsorbed species made it possible to measure the amount of the formate ion on the catalyst.
See, e.g., BlyholderG., “Spectra of adsorbed species,” in Experimental Methods in Catalytic Research, AndersonR. B., Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 1968), Chap. 8, p. 323.
2.
DonaldsonJ. D.KniftonJ. F., and RossS. D., Spectrochim. Acta20, 847 (1964).
3.
ScholtenJ. J. F.MarsP.MenonP. G., and Van HardeveldR., Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Catalysis, 1964, SachtlerW. M. H.SchuitG. C. A., and ZwieteringP., Eds. (North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1965), p. 881.
4.
NotoY.FukudaK.OnishiT., and TamaruK., Trans. Faraday Soc.63, 2300 (1967).
5.
CvetanovicR. J. and AmenomiyaY., “Application of a temperature-programmed desorption technique to catalyst studies,” in Advances in Catalysis, EleyD. D.PinesH., and WeiszP. B., Eds. (Academic Press, New York, 1967), Vol. 17, p. 103; AmenomiyaY., Chem. Technol.6, 128 (1976).
