An infrared analysis of toxic gases and vapors trapped in charcoal tubes is described. A minimum volume infrared liquid cell, optimized for sensitivity, is described and design compromises are discussed. The C2 extraction methodology was examined and recommendations are made to increase the extraction efficiency. Ten compounds on the OSHA list of toxic gases and vapors were studied; in all cases, good spectra useful for qualitative identification were obtained at less than the threshold limit value. Quantitative limits below threshold limit value levels are also reported for the compounds selected.
ThompsonB. T., Hazardous Gases and Vapors: Infrared Spectra and Physical Constants (Beckman Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, CA, 1974, TR 595).
2.
Manual of Analytical Methods: Organic Solvents in Air PSCAM 127 (Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, 1973).
3.
RobertsL. R. and McKeeH. C., J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc.9, 51 (1959).
4.
Individual Protective and Detection Equipment, Technical Manual TM 3–290, Department of the Army; Technical Order TO 39C-10C-1, Department of the Air Force, p. 56 (1953).
5.
PalmesE. D. and GunnisonA. F., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.34, 78 (1973).
6.
Recommended Practices for Sampling Atmospheres for Analysis of Gases and Vapors (American Society of Testing Materials, Philadelphia, 1960, ASTM designation D).
7.
KupelR. E. and WhiteL. D., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.32, 456 (1971).
8.
OttersonE. and GuyC., “Method of atmospheric solvent vapor sampling on activated charcoal in connection with gas chromatography,” in Transactions of the XXVI Annual Meeting of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, p. 37 (1964).
9.
FraustC. L. and HermannE. R., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.27, 68 (1966).
10.
ReidF. H., and HalpinW. R., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.29, 390 (1968).
11.
WhiteL. D.TaylorD. G.MauerP. A., and KupelR. E., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.31, 225 (1970).
12.
CooperC. V.WhiteL. D., and KupelR. E., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.32, 383 (1971).
13.
BurnetteR. D., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.37, 37 (1976).
14.
SKC Charcoal Tubes for OSHA Compliance of Certain Chemicals in Air, Environmental Compliance Corp., Venetia, PA.
15.
MSA Charcoal Sampling Tubes, Catalog Nos. 459 and 004, Mine Safety Appliances Co., 400 Penn Center Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA.
16.
ObremskiR. J. and SloaneH. J., paper presented at the Meeting of the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (November, 1975); ObremskiR. J.SloaneH. J., and Ramirez-MunozJ., paper presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy (March, 1976).
17.
ErleyD. S., “Trace analysis by differential infrared methods,” paper presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (March, 1960).
18.
SloaneH. J., “Techniques for differential infrared spectroscopy,” paper presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy (February, 1961).