Optical spectroscopy was used to identify the chemical species and the state of excitation of these species in argon, air, and nitrogen plasmas. The 2400 to 8800 A wavelength region was studied. Coppertungsten and graphite-graphite electrodes were used. The species observed were Ar, Ar+, O, N, N2, N2+, C, C2, and CN, the latter three being due to graphite electrodes. The major species found correlated with those species predicted from thermodynamic calculations in air. However, certain species, NO and O2, were not observed.
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