Preparation of Magnetic Silica Nanoparticle-Supported Iron Tetra-Carboxyl Phthalocyanine Catalyst and its Photocatalytic Properties

Abstract

Iron tetra-carboxyl phthalocyanine (TCFePc) was covalently immobilized to the surface of core-shell magnetite silica nanoparticles (NPs) as facilely separated supported catalyst, namely P-M SiO₂ NPs, for catalyzing the degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), and ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy were used to characterize the sample. The photocatalytic activity of P-M SiO₂ NPs was determined using rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) as the objective decomposition substances. The results revealed that the novel supported catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity over a wide pH range, and the degradation rate of RhB and MO is up to 90% during 120 min of reaction. Moreover, it is noteworthy that the catalyst can be easily separated using an external magnetic field and employed directly for the next round of reaction.

Keywords

Magnetic silica supported catalysts Iron tetra-carboxyl phthalocyanine Degradation Organic pollutants

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Sorokin

Séris

J. L.

and Meunier

, Science (Washington, D.C.) 268, 1163 (1995).

Sorokin

De Suzzoni-Dezard

Poullain

Noeel

J. P.

and Meunier

, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 7410 (1996).

Meunier

and Sorokin

, Acc. Chem. Res. 30, 470 (1997).

Hadasch

and Meunier

, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2319 (1999).

Iliev

and Mihaylova

, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 149, 23 (2002).

Iliev

Mihaylova

and Bilyarska

, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical 184, 121 (2002).

Tao

W. H.

Zhang

T. Y.

and Zhao

J. C

, Chem. Eur. J. 8, 1321 (2002).

Y. M.

M. Q.

Chen

Z. X.

and Zeng

D. Y

, Chin. J. Chem. 21, 1093 (2003).

Kluson

Drobek

Strasak

Krysa

Karaskova

and Rakusan

, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical 272, 213 (2007).

10.

Kluson

Drobek

Kalaji

Zarubova

Krysa

and Rakusan

, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 199, 267 (2008).

11.

Sorokin

and Meunier

, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 15, 1799 (1994).

12.

Tao

W. H.

Huang

Y. P.

Zhao

J. C.

and Yu

J. C

, Chem. Commun., 80 (2003).

13.

Machado

A. M.

Wypych

Drechsel

S. M.

and Nakagaki

, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 254, 158 (2002).

14.

Alvaro

Carbonell

Fornés

and Garcia

, New J. Chem. 28, 631 (2004).

15.

Cheng

M. M.

W. H.

Chen

C. C.

Yao

J. N.

and Zhao

J. C

, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 65, 217 (2006).

16.

Alvaro

Carbonell

Espla

and Garcia

, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 57, 37 (2005).

17.

Corma

and Garcia

, Chem. Rev. 102, 3837 (2002).

18.

Guo

Yang

Wang

and Chen

, Chem. Mater. 18, 5554 (2006).

19.

Fernandez-Pacheco

Arruebo

Marquina

Ibarra

Arbiol

and Santamaria

, Nanotechnology 17, 1188 (2006).

20.

Yoon

T. J.

K. N.

Kim

J. S.

Kim

B. G.

Yun

S. H.

Sohn

B. H.

Cho

M. H.

Lee

J. K.

and Park

S. B

, Small 2, 209 (2006).

21.

Kim

J. S.

Yoon

T. J.

K. N.

Noh

M. S.

Woo

Kim

B. G.

Lee

K. H.

Sohn

B. H.

Park

S. B.

Lee

J. K.

and Cho

M. H

, J. Veterinary Sci. 7, 321 (2006).

22.

Chen

Rulkens

W. H.

and Bruning

, Water Sci. Technol. 35, 231 (1997).

23.

Lim

Lee

Jin

Kim

Yoon

and Hyeon

, Chem. Commun., 463 (2006).

24.

Beydoun

Amal

Low

G. K. C.

and McEvoy

, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 4387 (2000).

25.

Chen

F. P.

and Xu

D. Y

, Chin. J. Org. Chem. 10, 550 (1990).

26.

Chang

S. Y.

Liu

and Asher

S. A

, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 6745 (1994).

27.

Arriagada

F. J.

and Osseo-Asare

, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 211, 210 (1999).

28.

Van Blaaderen

and Vrij

, Langmuir 8, 2921 (1992).

29.

D. K.

Selvan

S. T.

Lee

S. S.

Papaefthymiou

G. C.

Kundaliya

and Ying

J. Y

, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 4990 (2005).

30.

Udenfriend

Stein

Boehlen

Dairman

Leimgruber

and Weigele

, Science (Washington, D.C.) 178, 871 (1972).

31.

Buettner

G. R.

and Oberley

L. M

, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 83, 69 (1978).

32.

Yamazaki

and Piette

L. H

, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 7588 (1991).

33.

Sawyer

D. T.

and Valentine

J. S

, Acc. Chem. Res. 14, 393 (1981).

34.

Rohde

J. U.

J. H.

Lim

M. H.

Brennessel

W. W.

Bukowski

M. R.

Stubna

Münck

Nam

Que

Jr. , Science (Washington, D.C.) 299, 1037 (2003).

35.

Pignatello

J. J.

Liu

and Huston

, Environ. Sci. Technol. 33, 1832 (1999).

36.

Groves

J. T.

Lee

and Marla

S. S

, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 6269 (1997).

37.

Koppenol

W. H.

and Liebman

J. F

, J. Phys. Chem. 88, 99 (1984).