Diels-Alder Adducts of 3,6-Dibromophencyclone with Symmetrical 1,4-Disubstituted- Cis -2-Butenes: Comparisons with the Adduct of Phencyclone and N-Benzylmaleimide,and One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies and Ab Initio Structure Calculations

Abstract

Hindered Diels-Alder adducts have been prepared from 3,6-dibromophencyclone, 2, with cis-1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene, 3; cis-2-butene-1,4-diol, 4; and N-benzylmaleimide, 5. The adduct from the parent phencyclone, 1, with N-benzylmaleimide was prepared for comparison. One- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) proton and carbon-13 NMR studies (at 7.05 tesla, ambient temperatures), including high-resolution COSY45 and HETCOR (XHCORR) chemical shift correlation spectra, were performed, allowing extensive rigorous assignments for protons and protonated carbons. Substantial anisotropic shielding was seen for the ortho protons of the N-benzyl group in the adducts of 5 with 1 or 2, with these aryl protons resonating at 6.25 ppm (CDCl₃) for each adduct. The unsubstituted bridgehead phenyls of all four adducts showed slow exchange limit (SEL) ¹H and ¹³C spectra. Greater shift dispersions for the bridgehead phenyl protons in the adducts from 5 relative to those from 3 or 4 suggested the role of the imide carbonyls for anisotropic contributions or for influences on adduct geometry. Ab initio geometry optimizations were performed at the Hartree-Fock level with the 6–31G* basis set (or the LACVP* basis set for the bromine-containing compounds) for each of the adducts. For the two adducts from benzylmaleimide, separate minima were located corresponding to conformers in which the benzyl group was directed into the adduct cavity (syn) or out of the adduct cavity (anti). Calculated energies and geometric parameters for the adducts are presented, and these suggested a significantly different structure for the dibromo diacetate adduct, in terms of general symmetry and bridgehead phenyl geometries, compared to the other adducts.