Evaluation of a New Vancomycin Dosing Protocol in Morbidly Obese Patients

Abstract

Background

Optimal dosing of vancomycin in morbidly obese patients (>100 kg and at least 140% of their ideal body weight) has not been determined. Conventional dosing strategies have led to the observation of supratherapeutic trough concentrations (>20 mcg/mL).

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of a new vancomycin dosing protocol in morbidly obese patients in achieving therapeutic trough concentrations between 10 and 20 mcg/mL and to determine patient-specific factors influencing the trough concentration attained.

Methodology

A single-center, retrospective chart review included morbidly obese adult patients with a pharmacy-to-dose vancomycin consult and at least 1 trough concentration obtained at steady state. Patients were excluded if they had a creatinine clearance (CrCl) less than 35 mL/min or unstable renal function, were not dosed according to the revised protocol, or received vancomycin prior to initiation of the protocol.

Results

Of the 48 patients included, 17 (35.4%) achieved a therapeutic vancomycin trough concentration. Subtherapeutic concentrations (<10 mcg/mL) were observed in 27 patients (56.3%) and supratherapeutic concentrations were observed in 4 (8.3%) patients. Age less than 45 years and CrCl greater than 100 mL/min were associated with subtherapeutic trough concentrations.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that the revised vancomycin dosing protocol led to the attainment of therapeutic trough concentrations in 35.4% of patients. The majority had subtherapeutic concentrations, which increases the risk of treatment failures and resistance. Further study is needed to determine the optimal dosing strategy in this patient population.