The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
DupontJ., JensenH.A., JensenB.V., PfeifferP.Phase I study of short-time oxaliplatin, capecitabine and epirubicin (EXE) as first line therapy in patients with non-resectable gastric cancer. Acta Oncol.2007; 46(3): 330–335.
2.
SchonnemannK.R., JensenH.A., YilmazM., JensenB.V., LarsenO., PfeifferP.Phase II study of short-time oxaliplatin, capecitabine and epirubicin (EXE) as first-line therapy in patients with non-resectable gastric cancer. Br J Cancer.2008; 99(6): 858–861.
3.
XiangX.J., QuiF., XiongJ.P.A phase II trial of epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine (EOX) as first-line chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: a Chinese single-center experience. Chemotherapy.2010; 56(3): 171–177.
4.
CunninghamD., StarlingN., RaoS.Capecitabine and oxaliplatin for advanced esophagogastric cancer. N Engl J Med.2008; 358(1): 36–46.
5.
OkinesA.F.C., AshleyS.E., CunninghamD.Epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for advanced esophagogastric cancer: dose-finding study for the prospective multicenter, randomized, phase II/III REAL-3 trial. J Clin Oncol.2010; 28(25): 3945–3950.
6.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network.NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology – Gastric cancer. V.2.2011. NCCN Web site. http://www.nccn.org. Accessed June 10, 2011.
7.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network.NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology – Esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancers. V.1.2011. NCCN Web site. http://www.nccn.org. Accessed June 10, 2011.
8.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network.NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology - Antiemesis. V.2.2010. NCCN Web site. http://www.nccn.org. Accessed April 17, 2010.
9.
Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer antiemetic guidelines.Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer Web site.www.mascc.org. Published April 2011. Accessed June 10, 2011.
10.
GelingO., EichlerH.G.Should 5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists be administered beyond 24 hours after chemotherapy to prevent delayed emesis? Systematic re-evaluation of clinical evidence and drug cost implications. J Clin Oncol.2005; 23(6): 1289–1294.
11.
GammonD., BhargavaP., McCormickM.J.Hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin and the application of a desensitization protocol. Oncologist.2004; 9(5): 546–549.
12.
SyrigouE.I., KarapanagiotouE.M., AlamaraC.V., BouraP.G., SaifM.W., SyrigosK.N.Hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin: a retrospective study and the development of a desensitization protocol. Clin Colorectal Cancer.2009; 8(2): 106–109.
13.
KimB.H., BradleyT., TaiJ., BudmanD.R.Hypersensitivity to oxaliplatin an investigation of incidence and risk factors and literature review. Oncology.2009; 76(4): 231–238.
14.
PolyzosA., TsavarisN., GogasH.Clinical features of hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin 10-year experience. Oncology.2009; 76(1): 36–41.
15.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network.NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology – Myeloid growth factors. V.1.2011. NCCN Web site. http://www.nccn.org. Accessed June 11, 2011.
16.
LarsonD.L.Treatment of tissue extravasation by antitumor agents. Cancer.1982; 49(9): 1796–1799.
17.
LarsonD.L.What is the appropriate management of tissue extravasation by antitumor agents?Plast Reconstr Surg.1985; 75(3): 397–402.
18.
MullinS., BeckwithM.C., TylerL.S.Prevention and management of antineoplastic extravasation injury. Hosp Pharm.2000; 35(1): 57–74.
19.
MarounJ.A., AnthonyL.B., BlaisN.Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in patients with colorectal cancer: a consensus statement by the Canadian Working Group on chemotherapy-induced diarrhea. Curr Oncol.2007; 14(1): 13–20.
20.
BensonA.B., AjaniJ.A., CatalanoR.B.Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment-induced diarrhea. J Clin Oncol.2004; 22(14): 2918–2926.
21.
GressettS.M., StanfordB.L., HardwickeF.Management of hand-foot syndrome induced by capecitabine. J Oncol Pharm Pract.2006; 12(3): 131–141.
22.
SumpterK., Harper-WynneC., CunninghamD.Report of two protocol planned interim analyses in a randomized multicentre phase III study comparing capecitabine with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin with cisplatin in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer receiving ECF. Br J Cancer.2005; 92(11): 1976–1983.
23.
KintzelP.E., DorrR.T.Anticancer drug renal toxicity and elimination: dosing guidelines for altered renal function. Cancer Treat Rev.1995; 21(1): 33–64.
24.
TakimotoC.H., GrahamM.A., LockwoodG.Oxaliplatin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in adult cancer patients with impaired renal function. Clin Cancer Res.2007; 13(16): 4832–4839.
25.
Xeloda [product information].South San Francisco, CA: Genentech USA, Inc; 2011.
26.
DobbsN.A., TwelvesC.J., GregoryW., CruickshankaC., RichardsM.A., RubensR.D.Epirubicin in patients with liver dysfunction: development and evaluation of a novel dose modification scheme. Eur J Cancer.2003; 39(5): 580–586.
27.
SynoldT.W., TakimotoC.H., DoroshowJ.H.Dose-escalating and pharmacologic study of oxaliplatin in adult cancer patients with impaired hepatic function: a National Cancer Institute Organ Dysfunction Working Group study. Clin Cancer Res.2007; 13(12): 3660–3666.
28.
SoubraneO., BrouquetA., ZalinskiS.Predicting high grade lesions of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome related to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases. Ann Surg.2010; 251(3): 454–460.
