Investigation of the Relationship between the Morphology of the Toe Flexor Muscles in Ballet Dancers and the Postural Stability during Standing on Demi-Pointe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction

This study investigated how toe flexor muscles are related to postural stability in 11 ballet dancers and 12 non-dancers.

Methods

Toe flexor strength (TFS), cross-sectional areas (CSA) of the abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis longus (FHL), and flexor digitorum longus, and center of pressure (COP) displacement during single-leg demi-pointe were measured. Correlations between toe flexor strength and COP displacement and between CSA and COP displacement within each group were calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient or Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Results

The dancers showed smaller COP displacement than the non-dancers (p < 0.05). Toe flexor strength in dancers was moderately negatively correlated with COP displacement in the anterior-posterior direction (r = -0.54, p < 0.01) and total COP displacement (r = -0.57, p < 0.01). Only the CSA of the FHL in dancers exhibited a significant negative correlation with COP displacement in the anterior-posterior direction (r = -0.42, p < 0.05) and total COP displacement (r = -0.52, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The present study found a relationship between the toe flexor strength and COP displacement and CSA of toe flexor muscles and COP displacement during one-legged demi-pointe standing. These results suggest that the development of the toe flexor muscles may be involved in the balance control of dancers.