The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of computing the fan inlet noise field around a real twin-engine aircraft, which includes the radiation of the main spinning modes from the engine as well as the reflection and scattering by the fuselage and the wing. This first-cut large-scale computation is based on time domain and frequency domain approaches that employ spectral element methods for spatial discretization. The numerical algorithms are designed to exploit high-performance computers such as the IBM SP4. Although the simulations could not match the exact conditions of the only available experimental data set, they are able to predict the trends of the measured noise field fairly well.
CanutoC.HussainiM.Y.QuarteroniA.ZangT.A. (1988) Spectral Methods in Fluid Dynamics, Springer-Verlag.
3.
GordonW.J.HallC.A. (1973) “Construction of curvilinear co-ordinate systems and applications to mesh generation,”International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 7, pp. 461–477.
4.
HirschC. (1990) Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows. Volume 2: Computational Methods for Inviscid and Viscous Flows, John Wiley & Sons.
5.
HuF.Q.HussainiM.Y.RasetarineraP. (1999) “An Analysis of the Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Wave Propagation Problems,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 151, pp. 921–946.
6.
NallasamyM. (1997) “Computation of Noise Radiation from Fan Inlet and Aft Ducts,”Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 34, pp. 387–393.
7.
OzyorukY.LongL.N. (1996) “Computation of Sound Radiating from Engine Inlets,”AIAA Journal, Vol. 34, pp. 894–901.
8.
ParrettA.V.EversmanW. (1986) “Wave Envelope and Finite Element Approximations for Turbofan Noise Radiation in Flight,”AIAA Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 753–760.
9.
PateraA. T. (1984) “A Spectral Element Method for Fluid Dynamics: Laminar Flow in a Channel Expansion,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 54, pp. 468–488.
10.
RasetarineraP.HussainiM.Y.HuF.Q. (2000) in Discontinuous Galerkin Methods, Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, Vol. 11, pp. 407–412, CockburnB.KarniadakisG.E.ShuC.-W., Editors, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
11.
RasetarineraP.KoprivaD.A.HussainiM.Y. (2001) “Discontinuous Spectral Element Solutions of Acoustic Radiation from Thin Airfoils,”AIAA Journal, Vol. 39, pp. 2070–2075.
12.
RasetarineraP.HussainiM.Y. (2001) “An Efficient Implicit Discontinuous Spectral Galerkin Method,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 172, pp. 718–738.
13.
RebayS. (1993) “Efficient Unstructured Mesh Generation by Means of Delaunay Triangulation and Bowyer-Watson Algorithm,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 106, pp. 125–138.
14.
RoeP.L. (1981) “Approximate Riemann Solvers, Parameter Vectors, and Difference Schemes,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 43, pp. 357–372.
15.
StanescuD.HabashiW.G. (1998) “2N-Storage Low Dissipation and Dispersion Runge-Kutta Schemes for Computational Acoustics,”Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 143, pp. 674–681.
16.
StanescuD.Ait-Ali-YahiaD.HabashiW.G.RobichaudM.P. (1999), “Multidomain Spectral Computations of Sound Radiation from Ducted Fans,”AIAA Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 296–302.
17.
StanescuD.Ait-Ali-YahiaD.HabashiW.G.RobichaudM.P. (2000) “Galerkin Spectral Element Method for Fan Tone Radiation Computations,”AIAA Paper 2000-1912, 6th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Lahaina, Hawaii.
18.
StanescuD.KoprivaD.A.HussainiM.Y. (2000) “Dispersion Analysis for Discontinuous Spectral Element Methods,”Journal of Scientific Computing, Vol. 15, pp. 149–171.
19.
StanescuD.HussainiM.Y.FarassatF. (2002) “Aircraft Engine Noise Scattering – A Discontinuous Spectral Element Approach,” AIAA Paper 2002-0800, Reno, NV.
20.
StanescuD.HussainiM.Y.FarassatF. (2002) “Large Scale Frequency Domain Numerical Simulation of Aircraft Engine Tone Noise Radiation and Scattering,” AIAA Paper 2002-2586, 8th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Breckenridge, CO.
21.
SutliffD.L.KonnoK.E.HeidelbergL.J. (2002) “Duct Mode Measurements on the TFE731-60 Full Scale Engine,” AIAA Paper 2002-2564, 8th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Breckenridge, CO.
