The main focus of this paper is to describe the behaviour of RC columns that are retrofitted with an alternative technique to “jacketing” or wrapping. This new technique consists of attaching steel plates to the flexural faces of a concrete column using bolts. It is envisaged that this technique would be suitable primarily for columns having rectangular cross-sections and in situations where lateral loading induces predominately a single plane of bending (as opposed to biaxial bending). Effectiveness of this new technique has been demonstrated by experimental testing and numerical simulations. This paper studies the mechanism of the new retrofit scheme, how it works, and the behaviour of columns retrofitted using such a scheme, as well as the important parameters that affect the response of the retrofitted columns. This study forms the basis for the design of the plate retrofitting system.
AschheimM. and MontesE.H. (2003). “The representation of P-Δ effects using Yield Point Spectra”, Engineering Structures, Vol. 25, pp. 1387–1396.
2.
AboutahaR.S.EngelhardtM.D.JirsaJ.O. and KregerM.E. (1996). “Retrofit of concrete columns with inadequate lap splices by the use of rectangular steel jackets”, Earthquake Spectra, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 693–714.
3.
BernalD. (1987). “Amplification factors for inelastic dynamic p-Δ effects in earthquake analysis”, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 15, pp. 635–651.
4.
ChaiY.H.PriestleyM.J.N. and SeibleF. (1994). “Analytical model for steel-jacketed RC circular bridge columns”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 120, No. 8, pp. 2358–2376.
5.
ChaiY.H.PriestleyM.J.N. and SeibleF. (1991). “Seismic retrofit of circular bridge columns for enhanced flexural performance”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 88, No. 5, pp. 572–584.
6.
ChaiY.H.PriestleyM.J.N. and SeibleF. (1990). “Retrofit of bridge columns for enhanced seismic performance”, Proceedings of the U.S.-Japan Workshop on Seismic Retrofit of Bridge, Tsukuba, Japan, December.
7.
HannaS. and JonesR. (1997). “Composite wraps for aging infrastructures: Concrete columns”, Composite Structures, Vol. 38, No. 1–4, pp. 57–64.
8.
KatsumataH.KobatakeY. and TakedaT. (1988). “Study with carbon fiber for earthquake-resistance capacity of existing reinforced concrete columns”, Proceedings of the Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo, August, Vol. 7, pp. 517–522.
9.
LamL. and TengJ.G. (2003a). “Design-oriented stress-strain model for FRP-confined concrete”, Construction And Building Materials, Vol. 17, No. 6–7, pp. 471–489.
10.
LamL. and TengJ.G. (2003b) “Design-oriented stress-strain model for FRP-confined concrete in rectangular columns”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 22, No. 13, pp. 1149–1186.
11.
LauK.T. and ZhouL.M. (2001). “The mechanical behavior of composite-wrapped concrete cylinders subjected to uniaxial compression load”, Composite Structures, Vol. 52, pp. 189–198.
12.
LiuH.K.TaiN.H. and ChenC.C. (2000). “Compression strength of concrete columns reinforced by non-adhesive filament wound hybrid composites”, Composites: Part A, Vol. 31, pp. 221–233.
13.
ManderJ.B.PriestleyM.J.N. and ParkR. (1988). “Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 114, No. 8, pp. 1804–1826.
14.
MirmiranA.ZagersK. and YuanW. (2000). “Nonlinear finite element modelling of concrete confined by fibre composites”, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 35, pp. 79–96.
15.
MirmiranA. and ShahawyM. (1997). “Behavior of concrete columns confined by fibre composites”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 123, No. 5, pp. 583–590.
16.
MirmiranA.ShahawyM.SamaanM.El EcharyH.MastrapaJ.C. and PicoO. (1998). “Effect of column parameters on FRP-confined concrete”, Journal of Composites for Construction, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 175–185.
17.
PantelidesC.P.MarriottN.GergelyJ. and ReaveleyL.D. (2000). “Seismic rehabilitation of damaged bridge piers with FRP composites”, Proceedings of the 16th Congress of IABSE, Lucerne, Switzerland, September, pp. 18–21.
18.
ParkR. (2001). “Improving the resistance of structures to earthquakes”, Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 1–39.
19.
ParvinA. and WangW. (2001). “Behavior of FRP jacketed concrete columns under eccentric loading”, Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 146–152.
20.
PessikiS.HarriesK.A.KestnerJ.T.SauseR. and RiclesJ.M. (2001). “Axial behavior of reinforced concrete columns confined with FRP jackets”, Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 237–245.
21.
PriestleyM.J.N. and ParkR. (1987). “Strength and ductility of concrete bridge columns under seismic loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 84, No. 1, pp.61–76.
22.
PriestleyM.J.N. and SeibleF. (1995). “Design of seismic retrofit measures for concrete and masonry structures”, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 365–377.
23.
PriestleyM.J.N.SeibleF.XiaoY. and VermaR. (1994a). “Steel jacket retrofitting of reinforced concrete bridge columns for enhanced shear strength-part1: Theoretical consideration and test design”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 91, No. 4, pp. 394–405.
24.
PriestleyM.J.N.SeibleF.XiaoY. and VermaR. (1994b). “Steel jacket retrofitting of reinforced concrete bridge columns for enhanced shear strength-part 2: Test results and comparison with theory”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 91, No. 5, pp. 537–551.
25.
SaadatmaneshH.EhsaniM. R. and JinL. (1996). “Seismic strengthening of circular bridge pier models with fibre composites”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 93, No. 6, pp. 639–647.
26.
SaadatmaneshH.EhsaniM.R. and LiM.W. (1994). “Strength and ductility of concrete columns externally reinforced with fibre composite straps”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 91, No. 4, pp. 434–447.
27.
SeibleF.PriestleyM.J.N.HegemierG.A. and InnamoratoD. (1997). “Seismic retrofit of RC columns with continuous carbon fiber jackets”, Journal of Composites for Construction, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 52–62.
28.
SmithS.T.BradfordM.A. and OehlersD.J. (1999). “Local buckling of side-plated reinforced concrete beams. Part 1: Theoretical study”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 125, No. 6, pp. 622–634.
29.
TengJ.G. and LamL. (2002). “Compressive behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced polymer-confined concrete in elliptical columns”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 1535–1543.
30.
TengJ.G. and LamL. (2004). “Behaviour and modelling of FRP-confined concrete”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 130, No. 11, pp. 1713–1723.
31.
ThériaultM. and NealeK.W. (2000). “Design equations for axially loaded reinforced concrete columns strengthened with fibre reinforced polymer wraps”, Canadian Journal Of Civil Engineering, pp. 1011–1020.
32.
XiaoY.WuH. and MartinG.R. (1999). “Prefabricated composite jacketing of RC columns for enhanced shear strength”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 255–264.
33.
XiaoY.MaR. (1997). “Seismic retrofit of RC circular columns using prefabricated composite jacketing”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 123, No. 10, pp. 1357–1364.
34.
XiaoY.MaR. (1995). Full scale testing of a typical parking structure column retrofitted with carbon fibre composite wrapping, Research Report No. USC-SERR-95/03, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Oct.
35.
WuY.F. (2002). Seismic Retrofitting of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Columns with Partial Interaction Plating, PhD Thesis, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
36.
WuY.F.OehlersD.J. and GriffithM.C. (2002). “Partial interaction analysis of composite beam/column members”, Mechanics of Structures and Machines, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 309–332.
37.
WuY.F.GriffithM.C. and OehlersD.J. (2003). “Improving the strength and ductility of rectangular RC columns through composite partial-interaction: Tests”, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE; Vol. 129, No. 9, pp. 183–1190.
38.
WuY.F.GriffithM.C. and OehlersD.J. (2004). “Numerical simulation of steel plated RC columns”, Computers and Structures, Vol. 82, No. 4–5, pp. 359–371.
