Vulnerability and Resilience in the European Energy System

UNFCC, 2007, Report of the Conference of the Parties on its thirteenth session, held in Bali from 3 to 15 December 2007. FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1. Available at: http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2007/cop13/eng/06a01.pdf

Sims R.E.H. Schock R.N. Adegbululgbe A. Fenhann J. Konstantinaviciute I. Moomaw W. Nimir H.B. Schlamadinger B. Torres-Martínez J. Turner C. Uchiyama Y. Vuori S.J.V. Wamukonya N. Zhang X. , 2007: Energy supply. In Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [ Metz B. Davidson O.R. Bosch P.R. Dave R. Meyer L.A. (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Available at:- http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg3/ar4-wg3-chapter4.pdf

Communication from the Commission to the European Council and the European Parliament ≠ An energy policy for Europe COM/2007/0001 final {SEC(2007) 12}. Available at:-http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2007/com2007_0001en01.pdf

Perrow C. , 1999, Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies, Princeton University Press, USA

Lovins A. B. Lovins L. H. , 1982, Brittle Power: Energy Strategy for National Security, Brick House Publishing, USA. Available at:- http://reactor-core.org/downloads/Brittle-Power-Parts123.pdf

Dobson I. Carreras B.A. Lynch V. E. Newman D. E. , Complex Systems Analysis of Series of Blackouts: Cascading Failure, Critical Points, and Self-organization, preprint; to appear in CHAOS, 17(2), June 2007. Available at: http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/percent7Edobson/PAPERS/dobsonCHAOS07.pdf

Watts D. , Security & Vulnerability in Electric Power Systems, NAPS 2003, 35th North American Power Symposium, University of Missouri-Rolla in Rolla, Missouri, October 20–21, pp. 559–566, 2003. Available at: http://www2.ing.puc.cl/power/paperspdf/PaperECE723v39Format.pdf

Vandenberghe F. , Chairman of the UCTE Investigation Committee on the 28/09/2003, Blackout in Italy, Lessons and Conclusions from the 28 September 2003 Blackout in Italy, IEA Workshop, 29 March 2004. Available at: http://www.iea.org/Textbase/work/2004/transmission/vandenberghe.pdf

Durand G. , 2006, Gas and electricity in Europe: The elusive common interest, EPC Policy Centre, Brussels, Belgium. Available at: http://www.theepc.be/TEWN/pdf/602431509_energypercent20policypercent20brief.pdf

IEA, 2005, Lessons from Liberalized Electricity Markets, OECD/OECD. Paris France. Available at: http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2005/lessons2005.pdf

EEA Technical report, 2004, Energy subsidies in the European Union: A brief overview, EEA, Denmark. Available at: http://reports.eea.europa.eu/technical_report_2004_1/en/Energy_FINAL_web.pdf

Froggart A. , 2004, The EU's Energy Support Programmes: Promoting Sustainability or Pollution? Available at: http://www.greenpeace.org/raw/content/international/press/reports/the-eu-s-energy-support-progra.pdf

Kjaer C. Schäfer C. Schäfer O. , undated, The Myth of Effective Competition in European Power Markets, European Renewable Energy Council. Available at: http://www.erec-renewables.org/documents/Powerpercent20Markets/Mythsfinal.pdf

European Commission, 2003, External Costs: Research results on socio-environmental damages due to electricity and transport, Luxembourg. ISBN 92-894-3353-1. Available at: http://www.externe.info/externpr.pdf

IEA, 2006, Carrots and Sticks: Taxing and subsidising energy, Economic Analysis Division, IEA. Available at: http://www.iea.org/textbase/papers/2006/oil_subsidies.pdf

Jaffe A. B. Newell R. G. Stavins R. N. , 2005 A Tale of Two Market Failures – Technology and Environment Policy, Ecological Economics 54: 164–174

Fischer C. Egenhofer C. , 2007, The Critical Role of Technology for International Climate Change Policy, Background paper for the ECP (European Climate Platform) High-Level Colloquim “Climate Change: Key actions for the crucial years ahead”, Topic 3: Technology, Brussels, 22/23 March 2007.

EU Commission, Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, 2006, European Energy and Transport: Trends to 2030 – Update 2005. EU Commision, Brussels. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/energy_transport/figures/trends_2030_update_2005/energy_transport_trends_2030_update_2005_en.pdf

International Energy Agency (IEA) (2002) World Energy Outlook. Paris: OECD/IEA. Available at:- http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2000/weo2002.pdf

Grubb M. Neuhoff K. , 2006, Allocation and competitiveness in the EU emissions trading scheme: Policy overview, Climate Policy 6 (2006) 7–30. Earthscan.

Carbon Trust, 2006, EU ETS hits crunch time: New research on National Allocation Plans shows urgent action needed. Carbon Trust 7^th November 2006. Available at: http://www.carbontrust.co.uk/about/presscentre/071106_euets.htm

MEMO/)08/35, 2008, Questions and Answers on the Commission's proposal to revise the EU Emissions Trading System. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/08/35&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en

World energy, technology and climate policy outlook 2030 (WETO), 2003, EU Commission, Directorate General Research, EU Commission. Luxembourg. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/pdf/weto_final_report.pdf

EU Commission, 2004, Communication form the Commission, European Neighbourhood Policy, Brussels, 12.5.2004, COM(2004) 373 final. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/strategy/strategy_paper_en.pdf

“Georgia ‘agrees Russia gas bill’,” BBC News Online, 22^nd December 2006. Available at:- http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6203721.stm

“Russia oil row hits Europe supply,” BBC News Online, 8^th January 2007. Available at:-http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6240473.stm

Kröger Wolfgang W. , 2006, Issues of Secure Energy Supply, Latsis Symposium 2006, Research Frontiers in Energy Science and Technology. Energy and Reliability. October 12, 2006. Available at: http://www.lsa.ethz.ch/docs/061012_Latsis_WK.pdf

Homer-Dixon T. , 2002, The Rise of Complex Terrorism, Global Policy Forum. Available at: http://www.globalpolicy.org/wtc/terrorism/2002/0115complex.htm

Wood John H. Long Gary R. Morehouse David F. , 2004, Long-Term World Oil Supply Scenarios: The Future Is Neither as Bleak or Rosy as Some Assert. EIA. DOE. GoV. Available at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/feature_articles/2004/worldoilsupply/oilsupply04.html

Bentley R.W. , 2002, Global Oil and Gas Depletion: An Overview, Energy Policy 30, 189–205, Elsevier

IEA World Energy Outlook, 2006, OECD/IEA, Paris, France

Holling C.S. , 1973. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4, 1–23. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/view/00664162/di975347/97p0062a/0

Arthur W. , 1999, Complexity and the economy, Science 284(5441): 107–109

Adger W. , 2000, Social and ecological resilience: Are they related? Progress in Human Geography 24(3): 347–364

Bonnano G. , 2004, Loss, trauma and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist 59(1): 20–28

Janssen M.A. Schoon M.L. 2006, Ke W. Borner K. , 2006, Scholarly networks on resilience, vulnerability and adaptation within the human dimensions of global change, Global Environmental Change Vol. 16, pp 240–252, Elsevier

Gallopin G.C. 2006, Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity, Global Environmental Change Vol 16 pp 293–303. Elsevier.

Walker B. Holling C.S. Carpenter S.R. Kinzig A. , 2004. Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 9 (2) art. 5 [online], URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss2/art5

O'Brien G. O'Keefe P. Rose J. Wisner B. , 2006, Climate change and disaster management Disasters, 2006, 30(1): 64–80. © Overseas Development Institute. Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA

O'Brien G. O'Keefe P. Rose J. (2007) Energy, Poverty and Governance, International Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 64 (5) pp 607–618. Routledge, Taylor and Francis, UK

Lovins A. B. Lovins L. H. , 1982, Brittle Power: Energy Strategy for National Security, Brick House Publishing, USA. Available at:- http://reactor-core.org/downloads/Brittle-Power-Parts123.pdf

Dunn S. , 2000, Micropower: The next electrical era. Worldwatch Institute Paper 151, Washington DC: Worldwatch Institute.

Schneider M. , 2000, Climate Change and Nuclear Power, World Wide Fund for Nature, Switzerland

O'Brien G. O'Keefe P. , 2006, The Future of Nuclear Power in Europe; a response, International Journal of Environmental Studies, 63(2) 121–130. Routledge

Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change, 2006, Available at: http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/independent_reviews/stern_review_economics_climate_change/stern_review_report.cfm

IEA, 2003, Energy to 2050: Scenarios for a Sustainable Future, IEA/OECD, Paris, France.

Li X. , 2005, Diversification and localization of energy systems for sustainable development and energy security, Energy Policy 33 (2005) 2237–2243, Elsevier

Keen M. Brown V.A. Dyball R. , 2005, Social Learning: A New Approach to Environmental Management, Keen M. Brown V.A. Dyball R. , (Eds), 2005, Social Learning in Environmental Management: Towards a Sustainable Future, Earthscan, UK.