The paper describes practical and theoretical issues concerned with the current and future role of economic instruments of Polish environmental policy applicable to the areas potentially affected by serious pollution. The article lists historical and current emissions of main pollutants. The article presents a system of environmental instruments such as fees, emission standards and other measures. The economic efficiency of the instruments is analysed in respect of its future compliance with the EU regulations. The authors also consider economic instruments that are expected to enter into force in Poland in the near future. Policy objectives formulated in official documents are analysed in terms of their possible implementation.
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