Wind Power Planning and Operational Benefits and Issues in Evolving Competitive Markets

Milligan M. , and Miller A. , “Value of Windpower: An Investigation Using a Qualified Production Cost Model,” Windpower '93 Proceedings; July 12–16, 1993; San Francisco, California. American Wind Energy Association: Washington, DC, 1993; 74–81.

Milligan M. , “Modeling Utility-Scale Wind Power Plants, Part 1: Economics,” Wind Energy, 1999; Vol. 2, 167–193, John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, United Kingdom.

Milligan M. Miller A. , and Chapman F. , “Estimating the Economic Value of Wind Forecasting to Utilities.” Windpower '95 Proceedings; March 27–31, 1995; American Wind Energy Association: Washington, DC, 1995.

Wan Y. , “An Analysis of Current Utility Practice of Rating and Reporting Wind Generating Capacity.” Working paper. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 1997.

Panel session: Maintaining Reliability in a Competitive Environment, Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems 5th International Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, September 1997.

Milligan M. , and Parsons B. , “A Comparison and Case Study of Capacity Credit Algorithms for Wind Power Plants,” Wind Engineering vol. 23 No. 3, 1999, 159–166. Multi-Science Publishing Co. LTD., Essex, United Kingdom.

Marnay C. , and Strauss T. , Variance Reduction in Monte Carlo Chronological Production-cost Modelling. Sacramento, California: California Public Utilities Commission, 1990.

Milligan M. , “Variance Estimates of Wind Plant Capacity Credit.” WindPower '96 Proceedings; June 23–27, 1996; Denver, Colorado. NREL/TP-440-21311. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1996.

Billinton R. and Chen H. , and Ghajar R. , “A Sequential Simulation Technique for Adequacy Evaluation of Generating Systems Including Wind Energy.” IEEE/PES Winter Meeting, January 12–15, 1996. Baltimore, Maryland.

Milligan M. , “Wind Plant Capacity Credit Variations: A Comparison of Results Using Multiyear Actual and Simulated Wind-Speed Data.” Windpower '97 Proceedings; June 15–18, 1997; Austin, Texas. NREL/CP-440-23096. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 1997.

Milligan M. and Graham M. , “An Enumerated Technique for Modelling Wind Power Variations in Production Costing.” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems; September 21–25, 1997; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. NREL/TP-440-22868. Golden, Colorado: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Kahn E. “The Reliability of Distributed Wind Generators,” Electric Power Systems Research. Vol 2. 1979. Elsevier Sequoia. Lausanne.

Grubb M. , “The Integration of Renewable Electricity Sources,” Energy Policy, September, 1991. 670–688.

Milligan M. , and Artig R. , “Optimal Site Selection and Sizing of Distributed Utility-Scale Wind Power Plants.” Proceedings of the 1998 International Conference of the International Association for Energy Economics; May 13–16, 1998; Quebec City, Canada: International Association for Energy Economics: Cleveland, Ohio, USA; 313–322.

Ernst B. , Analysis of Wind Power Ancillary Services Characteristics with German 250-MW Wind Data. 1999. NREL/TP-500-26969. Golden, CO, USA. National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Milligan M. , and Factor T. , “Application of a Dynamic Fuzzy Search Algorithm to Determine Optimal Wind Plant Sizes and Locations in Iowa.” Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems; September 25–28, 2000; to appear. Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.

The Iowa sites are: Alta (Alt), Algona (Alg), Arlington (Arl), Cedar (Ced), Estherville (Est), Forest City (For), Inwood (Inw), Radcliffe (Rad), Red Oak (Red), Sibley (Sib), Sutherland (Sut), and Turin (Tur).

Sweet W. , “Restructuring the Thin-stretched Grid.” Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Spectrum, June, 2000; 43–49.