Although research in finding optimal muffler shapes for low-frequencies noise using reactive mufflers has already been addressed, research into shape optimization of hybrid mufflers that reduce broadband noise within a constrained pressure-drop backpressure is lacking. Therefore, the shape optimization of four kinds of hybrid mufflers using simulated annealing (SA) in conjunction with the generalized decoupling technique and plane wave theory are presented. Here, a numerical case in eliminating nitrogen venting noise is introduced. The reliability of the SA optimization is also verified using the optimization of muffler A for a pure tone. Moreover, the accuracy of the mathematical models is acceptable with minor deviations between the theoretical and experimental data. Results reveal that the higher backpressure limit will result in a higher acoustical performance. Consequently, the acoustical performance for a hybrid muffler equipped with multiple reactive chambers and one dissipative chamber is superior to that of reactive mufflers.
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