Environmental and dietary endocrine disruptors and women's health

Abstract

Endocrine disruptors are substances which can potentially modify the normal hormonal functions of the body, and include both naturally occurring compounds (such as plant phytoestogens) and anthropogenically derived environmental contaminants. This article reviews the evidence for possible links between exposure to anthropogenic chemicals and a number of common conditions in women, including breast cancer, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, endometrial disease, autoimmunity and menopausal symptoms. The question whether phytoestrogens might exert some beneficial effects during the postmenopausal period is also addressed. In addition, the possible consequences of early life exposure to potential endocrine disruptors or phytoestrogens are discussed.