Abstract
The fungus Paecilomyces has not yet been considered a health problem in laboratory animals. However, this agent known as a 'spoiler' of fruit beverages and other foodstuffs is an opportunistic pathogen especially in immunocompromised humans. Since 1985, we have isolated Paecilomyces, most probably P. variotti, from six laboratory animal species, mainly rats. In about 90% of cases the organism was localized in the respiratory tract and there are some other findings favouring the hypothesis of an airborne infection. During this long observation period no consequences for the health of rats in one closed 'infected' SPF breeding unit (A) could be observed. In a controlled histological study on five infected rats, no lesions attributable to this mycotic agent could be detected. However, a self-limiting spontaneous outbreak of papular skin lesions associated with Paecilomyces was observed in a breeding colony (F) of hairless mice. The role of this fungus in an acute outbreak of respiratory signs in another colony of conventional rats (B) was considered to be secondary. Bearing in mind its occasionally harmful role in humans, relatively high resistance to disinfectants and toxigenicity, this new agent should be monitored and considered a potential health risk for laboratory animals.