Abstract
Ketamine alone or supplemented by diazepam or xylazine has been used and evaluated as an anaesthetic in a range of animals including snakes, tortoises, lizards, birds, ferrets, dogs, cats, pigs, sheep, goats, non-human primates, rabbits, guineapigs, rats, mice and hamsters. Ketamine alone has severe limitations in most species, but in combination has proved valuable.