Rapid Characterization of N-Linked Glycosylation Site Using Non-Specific Protease Digestion of Gel-Separated Glycoproteins and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Tandem Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Rapid identification of glycosylation sites of glycoproteins is urgently needed in the study of glycoproteomics. In the present work, a rapid and simple method based on non-specific digestion of gel-separated glycoproteins and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry was described, which can efficiently identify the N-linked glycosylation sites. One-step in-gel digestion of ribonuclease B (RNase B) by proteinase K was employed to generate glycopeptides with short and discrepant peptide composition. When compared with glycopeptides prepared by two-step in-gel digestion using trypsin–proteinase K or trypsin-pronase, the direct proteinase K treatment showed obvious superiority in both glycopeptide recovery and preparation simplicity. Most importantly, it helps to generate greater variety of glycopeptide series with rich information for glycosylation site identification. In addition, binary matrices 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole/2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid were found to form homogeneous microcrystals on the target with the purified glycopeptides, leading to improved detection sensitivity. Thus, the present work provides an optimized solution to speed up the characterization of N-linked glycosylation sites in glycoproteins.