Abstract
Particulate materials stored in silos and hoppers still cause problems during discharge, spanning from unacceptable flow patterns and inadequate flowrates to arching or rat-holing formation that may even stop the flow. All these problems relating to the flow of bulk material from hoppers and silos are very complex in nature as they are highly influenced by both bulk material properties and hopper characteristics. The major breakthrough in the understanding of this phenomenon was made more than 30 years ago with Jenike's rational approach. Ever since then a number of new techniques and methods have been developed in order to improve the reliability of hopper design. One of the latest techniques in this field is the Johanson Indicizer System. An initial assessment of the results obtained with this new technique are presented in this paper.
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