Dynamic Characteristics of a Small Fixed-Bed Gasifier Stove

Abstract

This paper describes work directed at characterizing the dynamic behaviour of a small gasifying fixed-bed biomass stove. The system comprises a primary gasification chamber, followed by a multi-stage secondary combustor which can allow for the considerable variation in quantity and calorific value of fuel gas produced by forming a series of flamelets which move along the length of the secondary combustor as a function of the local mixture ratio. The typical cycle time is about 60 minutes and once warmed up the unit is capable of operating with low emissions, providing appropriate guidelines are followed.

Correlation of temperature and gas concentration measurements on the unit with velocity and flow visualization measurements on a perspex model of the secondary combustor show that improvements can be made to the flow patterns in the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber by reducing the size and shape of the recirculation zones formed and revising the location of the mid-section secondary air inlet. Control of the system is indicated using a simple measurement of temperature in the secondary combustor to determine appropriate air supply rates.