This paper presents a mathematical model which provides a basic description of the force and displacements arising in multi-stage forging on a mechanical press. Given the stiffness of tools and press structure, for a given operational sequence, the variations in shut-height caused by deflections of tools and press during forging, compared with that under no load conditions, can be determined. Also the effect of a change in process conditions at one forging station on forces and dimensions of workpieces produced at other stations can be calculated. The model has been validated by experiments undertaken on a crank press in which upsetting and extrusion have been performed as both single and simultaneous operations.
References
1.
IbhadodeA. O. A.DeanT. A.Simulation and experimental verification of completely closed cavity die forging on a mechanical press. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1989, 203, 17–32.
2.
DeanT. A.The feasibility of flashless forging. Metallurgia and Metalforming, 1977, 44(11 and 12), 488–498, 542–544.
3.
CtopoyebM. B.PopobE. A.Principal of metal forming (in Chinese), 1988 (Mechanical Industry Press, Beijing).
4.
JohnsonW.MellorP. R.Engineering plasticity, 1973 (Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York).
