A review of work on tooth deformation and load sharing in non-metallic gears is presented. A finite element analysis employing the flexibility method for contacting bodies is used to model tooth deflections and contact patterns between meshing gears For metallic gears the change in contact ratio between the theoretical and running values is shown to be small. However, for low modulus, non-metallic gears the change in contact ratio is large and can give cause for concern. The benefits and disadvantages of this increase in operating contact ratio is stated. Finally, the possibility of characterizing the change in operating contact ratio in a non-dimensional form is discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
YelleH.BurnsD. J.Calculation of contact ratios for plastic/plastic or plastic/steel spur gear pairs. Trans. ASME J. Mech. Des., 1981, 103, 528–542.
2.
YelleH.BurnsD. J.Root bending fatigue strength of acetal spur gears—a design approach to allow for load sharing. Presented at the AGMA Fall Technical Meeting, 1981.
3.
WaltonD.HookeC. J.MaoK.BreedsA.KukurekaS.A new look at testing and rating non-metallic gears. Proceedings of Third World Congress on Gearing and power transmission, Paris, 1992, pp. 683–693.
4.
TimoshenkoS.BaudR. V.Strength of gear teeth is greatly affected by fillet radius. Automotive Industries, 1926.
5.
WalkerH.Gear tooth deflection and profile modification. The Engineer, 1938, pp. 319–412 and 434–436.
6.
WeberC.The deformation of loaded gears and the effect of their load carrying capacity. British Scientific and Industrial Research Sponsored Research (Germany), Report 3, 1949.
7.
AttiaA. Y.Dynamic loading of spur gear teeth. Trans. ASME, J. Engng Industry, 1959.
8.
AttiaA. Y.Deflection of spur gear teeth cut in thin rims. Trans. ASME, J. Engng Industry, 1964.
9.
CornellR. W.Compliance and stress sensitivity of spur gear teeth. Trans. ASME, J. Mech. Des., 1981, 103–447.
10.
BaronetC. N.TordionG. V.Exact stress distribution in standard gear teeth and geometry factors. Trans. ASME, J. Engng Industry, 1973, 1159–1163.
11.
TerauchiY.NagamuraK.Study on deflection of spur gear teeth (first report, calculation of tooth deflection by two dimensional elastic theory). Bull. J. Soc. Mech. Engrs, 1980, 23(184), 1682–1688.
12.
AidaT.TerauchiY.On the bending stress of a spur gear (first report, stress at the fillet curve and inner stress at the root of gear tooth). Bull. J. Soc. Mech. Engrs, 1962, 5(17), 161–170.
13.
ChakrabortyJ.HanoshikattiH. G.Determination of the combined stiffness of a spur gear pair under load. Trans. ASME, 1974, 74.
14.
CoyJ. J.ChaoC. H.A method of selecting grid size to account for Hertz deformation in finite element analysis of spur gears. Trans. ASME J. Mech. Des., 1982, 104, 759–766.
15.
TanakaM.KohidaH.Stress analysis of spur gears in consideration of the ratio of contact. Bull. J. Soc. Mech. Engrs, 1985, 28(243), 2128–2135.
16.
StewardJ. H.The compliance of solid, wide faced spur gears. Proceedings of the 1989 International Conference on Power transmission and gearing, 1989, Vol. 1, pp. 181–188.
17.
HarrisS. L.Dynamic loads on the teeth of spur gears. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1958, 172, 87–112.
18.
GregoryR. W.HarrisS. L.MunroR. G.Dynamic behaviour of spur gears. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1963, 178, 207–226.
19.
MunroR. G.A review of the theory and measurement of gear transmission error. IMechE Conference on Gearbox noise and vibration, 1990, paper C404/032, pp. 3–10 (Mechanical Engineering Publications, London).
20.
BathK.ChaudharyA.A solution method for planar and axisymmetric contact problems. Int. J. Numer. Methods Engng, 1985, 21, 65–68.
21.
SimoJ. C.WriggersP.TaylorR. L.A perturbed Lagrangian formulation for the finite element solution of contact problems. Computer Methods in Appl. Mechanics and Engng, 1985, 163–180.
22.
FrancavillaA.ZienkiewiczO. C.A note on numerical computation of elastic contact problems. Int. J. Numer. Methods Engng, 1975, 9, 913–924.
23.
ChandrasekaranN.HaislerW. E.GoforthR. E.A finite element solution method for contact problems with friction. Int. J. Numer. Methods Engng, 1987, 24, 477–495.
