Abstract
Experiments have been carried out with an open-ended box representing the body of a tipping truck during emptying of dry sand while standing on sideways-sloping ground. The mass that had flowed out and the shape of the remaining sand were measured after tilting the box to different inclinations.
After measuring the angle of repose of the sand and making simplifying assumptions, the shape of the remaining payload could be defined using coordinate geometry. Excellent agreement between calculated and measured values allowed the method of calculation to be used confidently to determine the roll-over couples at different sideways slopes and tipping angles when emptying granular materials with different repose angles.
The reductions of the roll-over couples due to allowing for the material that has flowed out are shown to be significant. A simple relationship between maximum roll-over couple, sideways slope and repose angle is established.
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