Abstract
The increasing popularity of front wheel drive cars and the requirements of the European braking regulations have resulted in a corresponding increase in the use of brake pressure apportioning valves. These valves are suitable for conventional braking systems where the driver can push harder on the brake pedal, after the front wheels have locked, to obtain extra retardation from the rear wheels. However, the recent introduction of low-cost front-controlled anti-lock systems has limited the level of rear retardation and has made it necessary to optimize the braking utilization for all conditions of loading and road surface friction levels.
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