Elastohydrodynamic Film Thickness in Concentrated Contacts: Part 1: Experimental Investigation for Lubricant Entrainment Aligned with the Major Axis of the Contact Ellipse

Abstract

Experimental investigations of the lubricant film thickness generated in elastohydrodynamic elliptical contacts have been undertaken since the early 1960s. The majority of these studies has been concerned with circular or near circular contact situations, although a wide range of geometries in which lubricant entrainment was directed along the minor axis of the contact ellipse has also been considered. The information available on lubricant film thickness in geometrical conditions where lubricant entrainment was aligned with the major axis of the contact ellipse has, however, been severely limited.

The experimental investigation described in this paper is therefore concerned with the measurement of lubricant film thickness in the unusual geometrical conditions recently analysed theoretically by the authors (1, 2). The measurements were made with the aid of a twin disc machine for geometries ranging from a radius ratio of unity down to a value of 0.112. The experimental apparatus is described and details are given of the special test discs which were manufactured to produce such geometries. The capacitance measurement technique adopted is detailed along with the numerical model developed to allow the measured values of inter-disc capacitance to be interpreted in terms of the lubricant film thickness.

The lubricant film thickness developed in four geometrical situations was investigated at four rotational speeds and five loads. This allowed a comparison to be made with the film thickness values predicted by recent elastohydrodynamic theory for changes in both speed and load. The film thickness deduced from the capacitance measurements was considered to be representative of that found at the centre of contact, and good agreement was found between experiment and all aspects of the theoretical predictions.