SYNOPSIS Measurements of turbulence kinetic energy, Reynolds stress, velocity profiles and heat transfer were made in the flow development region of a pipe. Predictions were made using a turbulent energy-dissipation rate two equation turbulence model with different assumed values of the inlet turbulence levels. Good agreement between predictions and measurements was obtained throughout the entrance region.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
DalyB.J.HarlowF.H.Transport equations in turbulence. Phys. of Fluids, 1970, V. 13, pp.2634–2649.
2.
LaunderB.E.SpaldingD.B.Mathematical models of turbulence. Acad. Press, London, 1972.
3.
HanjalicK.LaunderB.E.A Reynolds stress model of turbulence and its application to thin shear flows. J. Fluid Mech.1972, V. 52, Part 4 pp. 609–638.
4.
ByrneJ.HattonA.P.MarriottP.G.Heat transfer in the entrance region of a parallel wall passage. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., 1970, V. 184, Part 1.
5.
HattonA.P.WoolleyN.H.Heat transfer in two-dimensional turbulent confined flows. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., 1972, V. 186.
6.
LauferJ.The structure of turbulence in fully developed pipe flow. NACA Report No. 1174, 1955.
7.
LawnC.J.The determination of the rate of dissipation in turbulent pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech., 1971, V. 48, Part 3, pp.477–505.
8.
PerryA.E.AbellC.J.Scaling laws for pipe-flow turbulence. J. Fluid Mech., 1975, V. 67, Part 2, pp.257–271.
9.
DaviesT.W.PatrickM.A.A simplified method of improving the accuracy of hot-wire anemometry. DISA Conference. University of Leicester1972, pp.152–155.
10.
BarbinA.R.JonesJ.B.Turbulent flow in the inlet region of a smooth pipe. Trans. of the ASME, Journal of Basic Engineering, 1963, March.
11.
ChampagneF.H.SleicherC.A.Turbulence measurements with inclined hot-wires. Part 2. Hot wire response equations. J. Fluid Mech.1967, V. 28, Part 1, pp.177–182.
12.
JonesW.P.LaunderB.E.The prediction of laminarization with a two-equation model of turbulence. Imperial College London, Mechanical Engineering Department, 1970. Report No.GL/TN/A/40.
13.
Van DriestE.R.On turbulent flow near a wall. J. Aero. Sci.1956, V. 23.
14.
SparrowE.M.HallmanT.M.SiegelR.Turbulent heat transfer in the thermal entrance region of a pipe with uniform heat flux. App. Sci. Res.1958, V. A7, pp.37–52.
15.
WeirJ.PriestA. J.SharanV. K.‘The effect of inlet disturbance on turbulent pipe flow. J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 16. No. 3, 1974.
16.
LeeB. E.Communication and authors reply on (15)J. Mech. Eng. Sci., 17, No. 4, 1975.
17.
PriestA. J.‘Incompressible turbulent flow in pipes and conical diffusers’. PhD Thesis, University of Salford, 1975.
PennellW. T.SparrowE. M.EckertE. R. G.‘Turbulence intensity and time-mean velocity distributions in low Reynolds number turbulent pipe flows’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer197215, 1067–1074.
20.
CarrA. D.ConnorM. A.BuhrH. O.‘Velocity, temperature and turbulence measurements in air for pipe flow with combined free and forced convection’, ASME J. Heat Transfer, November 1973, 445–452.
21.
LawnC. J.WhiteR. S.‘Measurements of the turbulence structure of heated pipe flow’, unpublished work at CEGB, Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories, 1975.
22.
IgragimovM. K.SubbotinV. I.TaranovG. S.‘Velocity and temperature fluctuations and their correlations in the turbulent flow of air in pipes’, Int. Chem. Eng.197111, 4, 659–665.
23.
BremhorstK.WalkerT. B.‘Spectral measurements of turbulent momentum transfer in fully developed pipe flow’, J. Fluid Mech.197361, 1, 173–186.
24.
BremhorstK.BullockK. J.‘Spectral measurements of temperature and longitudinal velocity fluctuations in fully developed pipe flow’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer197013, 1313.
