Numerical predictions are presented of the hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of fully developed turbulent flow in square-sectioned ducts.
The turbo stresses in the plane of the cross-section, whose gradients cause the well-known secondary motion, are approximated by gradients in the axial mean velocity.
Predicted results are in close agreement with available experimental data of primary and secondary velocities as well as the shear stress and heat flux variations around the perimeter.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
NikuradseJ.‘Untersuchungen über die Geschwindigkeits in turbulenten Stromungen’, ForschHft. Ver. dt. Ing1926, 281.
2.
PrandtlL.Essentials of fluid mechanics1953 (Hafner, New York).
3.
BrundrettE.BainesW. D.‘Production and diffusion of vorticity in duct flow’, J. Fluid Mech.196419, 375–94.
4.
LaunderB. E.YingW. M.‘Seondary flows in ducts of square cross section’, J. Fluid Mech.197254, 289–95.
5.
DeisslerR. G.TaylorM. F.‘Analyses of turbulent flow and heat transfer in non-circular passages’, NASA tech. Rep. R-31 1959.
6.
LeutheusserH. J.‘Turbulent flow in rectangular ducts’, Proc. Am. Soc. civ. Engrs196389, HY3.
7.
GessnerF. B.JonesJ. B.‘On some aspects of fully developed turbulent flow in a rectangular channel’, J. Fluid Mech.196523, 689–713.
8.
KrajewskiB.‘Determination of turbulent velocity field in a rectilinear duct with non-circular cross-section’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer197013, 1819–24.
9.
BuleevN. I.‘Theoretical model of the mechanism of turbulent exchange in fluid flow’, AERE Translation 957, 1963.
10.
IbragimovM. H.PetrishchevV. S.SabelevG. I.‘Calculation of heat transfer in turbulent flow with allowance for secondary flow’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer197114, 1033–8.
11.
IbragimovM. H.PetrishchevV. S.SabelevG. I.‘Calculation of a secondary flow in turbulent fluid flow’, Izv. Akad. Nauk. Mekhanica Zuid. Gaza1969, No. 4.
12.
YingW. M.Fully-developed flow with swirl in non-circular ducts Ph.D. thesis, University of London, 1971.
13.
LaunderB. E.SinghamJ. R.‘The prediction of fully-developed flow in non-circular ducts’, Symp. Internal Flow1971, Paper 12 (University of Salford).
14.
HanjaliCK.LaunderB. E.‘A Reynolds stress model of turbulence and its application to thin shear flows’, J. Fluid Mech.197252, 609–38.
15.
RottaJ.‘Statistische Theorie nichthomogener Turbulenz’, Z. Phys.1951129, 547–72.
16.
EmmonsH.‘Shear flow turbulence’, Proc. 2nd U.S. National Congress Appl. Mech.1954, 1–12.
17.
WolfshteinM.‘The velocity and temperature distribution in one-dimensional flow with turbulence augmentation and pressure gradient’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer196912, 301–18.
18.
RottaJ.‘Turbulent boundary layers in incompressible flow’, Progress in Aeronautical Sciences19622, 1–221 (Macmillan, London).
19.
GosmanA. D. et al Heat and mass transfer in recirculating flows1969 (Academic Press, London).
20.
ChampagneF. H.HarrisV. G.CorrsinS.‘Experiments on nearly homogeneous shear flow’, J. Fluid Mech.197041, 81–141.
21.
BrundrettE.BurroughsP. R.‘The temperature inner law and heat transfer for turbulent air flow in a vertical square duct’, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer196710, 1133–42.
22.
JayatillekeC. L. V.‘The influence of Prandtl number and surface roughness on the resistance of the laminar sublayer to momentum and heat transfer’, Progress in Heat and Mass Transfer1969 (Pergamon Press Ltd., London).
23.
HartnettJ. P.KoHJ. C. Y.McComasS.‘A comparison of predicted and measured friction factors for flow through rectangular ducts’, J. Heat Transfer196284, 82–8.
