Abstract
The object of tool research is to reduce the cost of production. The paper describes how the cost of production is determined to a great extent by the rate of feed; and high cutting speeds have been developed in order to give high rates of feed.
The changes in machine design which have been brought about by the introduction of carbide tools are discussed, and also the limitations of the tools are mentioned. One of the limitations is the necessity for cutting at high speeds, and this has brought to light many machine design problems in view of the necessity of providing not only for high speeds but for wide speed ranges, as carbide tools cannot be used at present for low-speed tools such as threading dies.
Tool life is largely determined by cratering and the rate of crater growth is dealt with at varying speeds and feeds.
Reasons are given for the effectiveness of the grooved type of turning tool which encourages the formation of corkscrew type chips.
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