This paper describes the various types of clutch facing materials in current use, and discusses both their frictional characteristics and applications in dry clutches and oil-immersed transmissions. During development, experimental materials must undergo exhaustive testing, and in order to establish meaningful tests clutch usage in service has been investigated, and equations are presented which enable the energy dissipation during a single clutch engagement to be determined. Comment is made on the engagement characteristics of the various materials and attempts to assess clutch judder are described. Special tests, made to show that the material satisfies other requirements, are also mentioned.
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