Abstract
A technique is described for determining coefficients of friction in a simple forging operation involving the deformation of a flat ring-shaped specimen between flat dies. This technique involves only the measurement of the change in shape of the ring upon compression and does not require a knowledge of the mechanical properties of the metal under the conditions of testing. It is therefore applicable over a wide range of testing conditions with respect to temperature, amount and rate of deformation, lubrication, etc. This technique has been used to study the limiting conditions of several lubricants for hot and cold working.
The possible application of frictional data obtained by this technique to mechanical working operations is discussed.
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