Paper 13: Arthroplasty of the Hip Using Foreign Materials: A History

Abstract

Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure which provides an artificial joint. The operation should give (a) relief from pain; (b) a stable joint; and (c) an improvement in function. The loss of function of a joint may be caused by injury or disease.

Since 1894 there have been many attempts to restore function using various artificial materials either to separate or replace the joint surfaces, and the following is a list of the ‘milestones’ in this field:

(1)

The use of foils to cover the femoral head.

(2)

Floating joint interposition.

(3)

The introduction of cobalt–chromium alloy.

(4)

The replacement of the femoral head.

(5)

The use of acrylic and other plastics for implants.

(6)

The replacement of the acetabulum.

(7)

Total hip replacement.

(8)

The introduction of acrylic dental polymer to anchor components in bone.

This paper will discuss the various materials and devices which have been used, and some of the complications which consequently have occurred.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Mercer

Rang

Anthology of orthopaedics 1966, 194 (E. & S. Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh and London).

Barton

J. R.

‘On the treatment of ankylosis by the formation of artificial joints’, N. Am. Med. Surg. J. 1827 3, 279.

Carnochan

J. M.

Arch. Med. 1860 284 (quoted by Thompson, F. R. ‘An essay on the development of arthroplasty of the hip’, Clin. Orthop. 1966 44, 73).

Verneuil

‘De la création d'une fausse articulation par section ou resection partielle de l'os maxillaire inférieur, comme moyen de remédier à l'ankylose vraie ou fausse de la machoíre inférieure’, Archs. gén. Méd. 1860 15, 174.

Ollier

L. X. E. L.

Traité des resections et des opérations conservatrices qu'on peut pratiquer sur le système osseux 1885 (G. Masson, Paris).

Gluck

Th.

‘Referat über die durch das moderne chirurgische Experiment gewonnenen positiven Resultate, betreffend die Naht und den Ersatz von Defecten höherer Gewebe, sowie über die Verwerthung resorbirbarer und lebendiger Tampons in der Chirurgie’, Arch. klin. Chir. 1891 41, 186.

Jones

‘On the production of pseudarthrosis of the hip without disarticulation of the head’, Br. Med. J. 1908 1, 494.

Hey-Groves

E. W.

‘Some contributions to the reconstructive surgery of the hip’, Br. J. Surg. 1926–27 14, 486.

Smith-Petersen

M. N.

‘Joint ankylosis; surgical measures for its prevention and relief

Trans. Interstate Postgraduate Medical Assembly of North America (St. Paul, Minnesota), 1925 (Oct.).

10.

Smith-Petersen

M. N.

‘Arthroplasty of the hip. A new method’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1939 21 (No. 2), 269.

11.

Hammond

Crawford

H. R.

Haggart

G. E.

‘Vitallium mould arthroplasty of hip. End result study’, J. Am. med. Assoc. 1955 158, 161.

12.

Aufranc

O. E.

‘Constructive hip surgery with the Vitallium mould. A report on 1000 cases of arthroplasty of the hip over a fifteen-year period’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1957 39A (No. 2), 237.

13.

Law

W. A.

‘Late results of Vitallium mould arthroplasty of the hip’, ibid. 1962 44A (No. 8), 1497.

14.

Bohlman

H. R.

‘Replacement reconstruction of the hip’, Am. J. Surg. 1952 LXXXIV (No. 3), 268.

15.

Rehn

‘Zur Wiederherstellungschirurgie der Gelenke’, Arch. klin. Chir. 1934 180, 395.

16.

Wiles

‘The surgery of the osteoarthritic hip’, Br. J. Surg. 1957–58 45, 488.

17.

Haboush

E. J.

‘A new operation for arthroplasty of the hip based on biomechanics, photoelasticity, fast-setting dental acrylic, and other considerations’, Bull. Hosp. Jt Dis. 1953 14 (No. 2), 242.

18.

Harmon

P. H.

‘Arthroplasty of the hip for osteoarthritis utilising foreign body cups of plastic’, Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 1943 76 (No. 3), 347.

19.

Capener

J. Bone Jt Surg. 1954 36B (No. 3), 508 (British Orthopaedic Association, Annual Meeting).

20.

Judet

Lagrange

Dunoyer

Resection reconstruction of the hip. Arthroplasty with acrylic prosthesis 1954 (E. & S. Livingstone Limited, Edinburgh and London).

21.

LeVeen

H. H.

Barberio

J. R.

‘Tissue reaction to plastics used in surgery with special reference to Teflon’, Ann. Surg. 1949 129, 74.

22.

Scales

J. T.

Zarek

J. M.

‘Biomechanical problems of the original Judet prosthesis’, Br. Med. J. 1954 i, 1007.

23.

Heck

C. V.

Chandler

F. A.

‘Material failures in hip prostheses’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1954 36A (No. 5), 1059.

24.

Valls

‘A new prosthesis for arthroplasty of the hip’, ibid. 1952 34B (No. 2), 308.

25.

McBride

E. D.

‘A metallic femoral head prosthesis for the hip joint’, J. Internat. Coll. Surg. 1951 15 (No. 4), 498.

26.

Seddon

H. J.

Scales

J. T.

‘A polythene substitute for the upper two-thirds of the shaft of the femur’, Lancet 1949 ii, 795.

27.

Newman

P. H.

Scales

J. T.

‘The unsuitability of polythene for movable weight-bearing prostheses. Report of a case of cup arthroplasty of the hip’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1951 33B (No. 3), 392.

28.

Moore

A. T.

‘The Moore self-locking Vitallium prosthesis in fresh femoral neck fractures. A new low posterior approach. (The southern exposure)’, Instructional Course Lectures, Am. Acad. orthop. Surg. 1959 16, 309 (C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis).

29.

Moore

A. T.

Bohlman

H. R.

‘Metal hip joint. A case report’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1943 25 (No. 3), 688.

30.

Danielsson

‘Arthroplasty of the hip according to Thompson and Moore’, Acta orthop. scand. 1965 35/4, 348.

31.

Heywood-Waddington

M. B.

‘Use of the Austin Moore prosthesis for advanced osteoarthritis of the hip’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1966 48B (No. 2), 236.

32.

Thompson

F. R.

‘Vitallium intramedullary hip prosthesis. Preliminary report’, N. Y. State Jl Med. 1952 52 (No. 24), 3011.

33.

Thompson

F. R.

‘An essay on the development of arthroplasty of the hip’, Clinical orthopaedics and related research 1966 44, 73 (J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia).

34.

Thompson

F. R.

‘Prosthesis indications in fresh fractures and basic considerations affecting choice of a prosthesis’, Instructional Course Lectures, Am. Acad. orthop. Surg. 1959 16, 299 (C. V. Mosby Co., St Louis).

35.

Thomson

J. E. M.

Ferciot

C. F.

Bartels

W. W.

Webster

F. S.

‘The “light-bulb” type of prosthesis for the femoral head’, Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 1953 96, 301.

36.

Thomson

J. E. M.

‘A historical perspective of the evolution leading to present concept of treatment’, Instructional Course Lectures, Am. Acad. orthop. Surg. 1959 16, 278 (C. V. Mosby Co., St Louis).

37.

Eicher

‘Use of a prosthesis in the fresh intracapsular fracture of the hip’, ibid. 1959 16, 287 (C. V. Mosby Co., St Louis).

38.

Scales

J. T.

‘The unsuitability of nylon weight bearing prostheses articulating with bone or cartilage’, Acta orthop. scand. 1957 XXVII (Fasc. 1), 13.

39.

Adams

J. C.

‘A reconsideration of cup arthroplasty of the hip. With a precise method of concentric arthroplasty’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1953 35B (No. 2), 199.

40.

McKeever

D. C.

‘Biomechanics of hip prostheses’, Clinical Orthopaedics 1961 19, 187 (J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia).

41.

Movin

Alloplasty of the hip as treatment in suitable cases of fracture of the neck of the femur and in sequels of such fracture 1957 (Munksgaard-Copenhagen).

42.

McKee

G. K.

Watson-Farrar

‘Replacement of arthritic hips by the McKee–Farrar prosthesis’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1966 48B (No. 2), 245.

43.

Leventhal

G. S.

‘Titanium, a metal for surgery’, ibid. 1951 33A, 473.

44.

Leventhal

G. S.

‘Titanium for femoral head prosthesis’, Am. J. Surg. 1957 94 (No. 5), 735.

45.

Wiltse

L. L.

Hall

R. H.

Stenehjem

J. C.

‘Experimental studies regarding the possible use of self-curing acrylic in orthopaedic surgery’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1957 39A (No. 4), 961.

46.

Henrichsen

Jansen

Krough-Poulsen

‘Investigation of the tissue reaction to acrylic plastics’, Acta orthop. scand. 1952 22, 141.

47.

Spence

W. T.

‘Form-fitting plastic cranioplasty’, J. Neurosurg. 1954 11, 219.

48.

Fitzgerald

F. P.

‘A method of arthroplasty’, J. Bone Jt Surg. 1952 34B (No. 1), 120.

49.

Lippman

R. K.

‘The transfixion hip prosthesis’, ibid. 1957 39A (No. 4), 759.

50.

D'Aubigné

R. M.

Postel

‘Functional results of hip arthroplasty with acrylic prostheses’, ibid. 1954 36A (No. 3), 451.

51.

Urist

M. R.

‘The principles of hip socket arthroplasty’, ibid. 1957 39A (No. 4), 786.

52.

McBride

E. D.

‘The flanged acetabular replacement prosthesis’, Arch. Surg. 1961 83, 721.

53.

Straub

L. R.

King

D. E.

Lambert

C. N.

J. Bone Jt Surg. 1956 38A (No. 2), 407 (Symposium on femoral head replacement prostheses).

54.

Wilson

P. D.

J. Bone Jt Surg. 1956 38A (No. 2), 415 (Symposium on femoral head replacement prostheses).

55.

Gorman

H. A.

‘A new prosthetic hip joint. Experiences in its use in the dog and its probable application to man’, Military medicine 1957, 91.

56.

Duff-Barclay

Scales

J. T.

Wilson

J. N.

‘The development of the Stanmore total hip replacement’, Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 1966 59 (No. 10), 948.

57.

Charnley

‘The lubrication of animal joints’, New Scientist 1959 (July), 60.

58.

Poli

Cattaneo

‘In tema di artroprotesi per l'anca. (Nota preventiva: Materiali e costruzione)’, Archo Ortop. 1964 77 (Fasc. 1), 1.

59.

Ring

P. A.

Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 1967 (in press).

60.

Müller

M. E.

‘Hüftkopf und Totalprothesen in der Hüftchirurgie’, Langenbecks Arch. klin. Chir. 1963 305, 48.