Performance of Vehicles under Trans-Antarctic Conditions

Abstract

A 2158-mile vehicle journey was made for the first time across the Antarctic Continent from the Weddell Sea to the Ross Sea in the summer of 1957-58. A historical review of Antarctic polar journeys using vehicles is made. The problem set is analysed, and an operational specification temperature of -60°F chosen with storage to -90°F, which met the field conditions adequately.

Light vehicles were chosen and the reasons are stated. The meaning of performance in relation to the project is analysed and an investigation of the main factors affecting performance is made under the headings of:

Terrain (Traction and friction).

Engines (Startability; preheating; batteries).

Lubrication.

Materials.

Antarctic performance is examined under the headings of:

Climate.

Terrain (Traction, friction and field recovery).

Engines (Startability; preheating; batteries).

Lubrication (Consumptions, effects and analysis of wear and carbon deposit).

Materials (Field fractures).

Human factor (Wind chill—effect on design).

The performance of the vehicles under these headings is stated and discussed and conclusions drawn in most sections.

It is finally concluded that long-range unsupported vehicle journeys are feasible within the heart of the Antarctic Continent during the summer season.

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