The circumstances giving rise to the incipient derailment of a railway wheel-set under steady-state rolling conditions are re-examined in the light of recent developments in rolling-contact theory. It is found that the problem can be stated in a form which avoids difficulties inherent in most earlier treatments. However, a quantitative solution requires data relating tangential force to creepage and spin in a parameter region previously unexplored. New experimental results are presented which partially correct this lack of data, but more work, both theoretical and experimental, is required.
One outcome of the new study is the establishment of the region of applicability of Nadal's classical formula. It shows it to be highly relevant for practical decision-making.
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