The present state of forming and of the development of analytical design techniques for the process is reviewed briefly. A comprehensive analysis of the expansion of a tube by means of an internal solenoidal coil is given; this contains new expressions for the circuit parameters and magnetic pressure and takes account of the depth of the coil conductors.
The analytical method is tested by obtaining numerical solutions and comparing these with the results of experiments in which aluminium, copper and steel tubes were formed with various discharge energies and using coils having different conductor dimensions. It is shown that the analytical method gives accurate results and is convenient to use for design purposes to optimize the process.
Al HassaniS. T. S.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘The influence of the electrical and geometrical parameters in magnetic forming’, Proc. 8th Int. MTDR Conf., Manchester, U. K., Sept. 1967.
3.
JamesT. E.PhilpottJ. ‘High frequency systems for magnetic forming of resistive materials’, Proc. IEE Conf., Pub. No. 61, Electrical Methods of Machining, Forming and Coating, U. K., 17–19 March1970.
4.
RowlandA. ‘Metal forming by magnetic means’, Electrical Methods of Machining and Forming, IEE Conf., Pub. No. 38, 192, Dec. 1967.
5.
SchwinghamerR. J.Proc. 1st Int. Conf. for High Energy Forming, Colorado, U. S. A., June 1967.
Al HassaniS. T. S.JohnsonW. ‘Magnetomotive loading of cantilevers, beams, frames and rings’, Int. J. Mech. Sci.197012, 711–722.
8.
HashmiS. J.Al HassaniS. T. S.JohnsonW. ‘Large deflexion elastic-plastic response of certain structures to impulsive load: Numerical solutions and experimental results’, Int. J. Mech. Sci.197214, 824–843.
9.
Al HassaniS. T. S.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘Techniques for designing magnetic forming coils’, Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on High Energy Forming, Colorado, U. S. A., June 1969.
10.
Al HassaniS. T. S.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘The magnetohydraulic forming of tube: Experiment and theory’, Int. J. Mech. Sci.197012, 371–392.
11.
BoulgerF. W.WagnerH. J. ‘High velocity metal working processes based on the sudden release of electrical energy’, Battelle Memorial Inst., DMIC Memo, 196070.
12.
FurthH. P.WaniekR. ‘Production and use of high transient magnetic fields’, I. Rev. Sci. Instr.196627, 195.
13.
FurthH. P.LevineM. A.WaniekR. ‘Production and use of high transient magnetic fields’, II. Rev. Sci. Instr.195728, 949.
14.
BirdsallD. H.FordF. C.FurthH. P.RileyR. E. ‘Magnetic forming’, American Machinist/Metalworking Manuf., 1961105, 117.
15.
MeagherT. F. ‘The conversion of electromagnetic energy into shock pulses’, I. S. A. Trans.19643, 313.
16.
KeggR. L.HaverbeckK. ‘Effect of process variables in electric discharge forming’, C. I. R. P. Annalen, XI, 19633, 131.
17.
BainesK.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘Electromagnetic metal forming’, Proc. I. Mech. E., 180, (Pt. 1), 1965–64, 93.
18.
Al HassaniS. T. S.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘Analysis of the electromagnetic forming process’, Proc. C. I. R. P., ASTME Conf., U. S. A., Sept. 1967.
19.
Al HassaniS. T. S.DuncanJ. L.JohnsonW. ‘The effect of scale in electromagnetic metal forming when using geometrically similar coils’, Proc. 1st Int. Conf. for High Energy Forming, Colorado, U. S. A., June 1967.
20.
PopovE. A.BacharovU. A.PaliakC. M.StalbunovA. C.RaichD. B.LeckchelinA. E. ‘Deformation of metal by impulsive magnetic field’, Forging and Stamping Industry Monthly Technical Journal, U. S. S. R., (Part 1), p. 1, May 1966.
21.
LalG. K.HillierM. J. ‘The electrodynamics of electromagnetic forming’, Int. J. Mech. Sci.196810, 520.
22.
BogleA. G. ‘The effective inductance and resistance of screened coils’, Journal of I. E. E.194087, 299.
23.
WhellerH. A. ‘Formulas for the skin effect’, Proc. I. R. E., p. 412, Sept. 1942.
24.
GroverF. W. ‘Inductance calculations’, Van. Nostrand, London, 1946.
25.
PageL.AdamsI. ‘Principles of electricity’, Van Nostrand, 1969.
26.
JohnsonW.MellorP. B. ‘Plasticity for Mechanical Engineers’, Van Nostrand, London, 1962.
