The paper presents a critical review of recent developments in the pi factor, accomplished within an EU-funded research project, ‘Harder’. Certain omissions and weaknesses have been identified in the derivation of this factor, made without reference to the available knowledge on multi-dimensional random quantities in non-rectangular domains. Its correct formulation in the form of regulation is proposed in Appendix 2, based on triangular conditional distributions of damage length and damage penetration. Other distributions prove to have a negligible effect on the pi factor.
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