Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

This paper describes a two-image photometric stereo (PS) method for analysis of surface waviness on planed wood products. This method is based on an assumption that the wood surface is a Lambertian surface. In addition, owing to the fact that surface waviness on planed wood is mainly composed of cutter marks, which fluctuate only in one dimension, three-dimensional surface topography can reasonably be represented by a two-dimensional surface profile. Accordingly, a surface waviness profile can be extracted from two images of the surface under specifically arranged illumination. Measurement results from the two-image PS method are compared with those from a laser profilometer. Comparison indicates a high correlation between the two methods.

Keywords

wood surface waviness Lambertian surface photometric stereo

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Jackson

M. R.

Some effects of machine characteristics on the surface quality of planed and spindle moulded wooden products. PhD Thesis, Leicester Polytechnic, 1986.

Jackson

M. R.

Parkin

R. M.

Brown

Waves on wood. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part B: J. Engineering Manufacture, 2002, 216 (B4), 475–497.

Sandak

Tanaka

Ohtani

Evaluation of surface smoothness by laser displacement sensor. I: Effect of wood species. J. Wood Sci., 2003, 49 (4), 305–311.

Sandak

Tanaka

Ohtani

Evaluation of surface smoothness by a laser displacement sensor. II: Comparison of lateral effect photodiode and multielement array. J. Wood Sci., 2004, 50 (1), 22–27.

Lemaster

R. L.

Beall

F. C.

The use of an optical profilometer to measure surface roughness in medium density fiberboard. Forest Products J., 1996, 46 (11/12), 73–78.

Lemaster

R. L.

Taylor

J. B.

High speed surface assessment of wood and wood-based composites. In The 14th International Wood Machining Seminar, Epinal, France, 1999.

Lemaster

R. L.

Jackson

The use of process monitoring techniques on a CNC wood router. Part 1: Sensor selection. Forest Products J., 2000, 50 (7/8), 31–38.

Yang

Jackson

Parkin

Inspection of wood surface waviness defects using the light sectioning method. Proc. IMechE, Part I: J. Systems and Control Engineering, 2006, 220 (17), 617–626.

Hoffmeister

H. W.

Grubler

In-Prozessmessung der Messerschlagweite gehobelter Massivholzoberflächen. HOB Die Holzbearbeitung, 1999, 5, 200–204.

10.

Hoffmeister

H. W.

Grubler

Objektive Bestimmung von Jointintervallen durch Messung der Messerschlagweite. HOB Die Holzbearbeitung, 2000, 9.

11.

Horn

B. K. P.

Understanding image intensities. Artif. Intell., 1977, 8, 201–231.

12.

Woodham

R. J.

Photometric method for determining surface orientation from multiple images. Opt. Engng, 1980, 19 (1), 139–144.

13.

Maristany

A. G.

Lebow

P. K.

Brunner

C. C.

Butler

D. A.

Funck

J. W.

Classifying wood-surface features using dichromatic reflection. In Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1836 (1992), pp. 56–64.

14.

Gullon

Height recovery of rough surfaces from intensity images. PhD Thesis, Herriot-Watt University, 2003.

15.

Frankot

R. T.

Chellappa

A method for enforcing integrability in shape from shading algorithms. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intell., 1988, 10 (4), 439–451.

16.

Griffiths

Manufacturing surface technology: surface integrity and functional performance, 2001 (Penton, London).

Analysis of wood surface waviness with a two-image photometric stereo method

Abstract

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References