A mathematical model for the calculation of the multi-zone diesel fuel spray combustion process in compression ignition engines is refined in order to expand its capability to describe the operation of diesel engines running on different bio-fuel blends. As an illustration of the capacity of the proposed model to accurately describe the working process numerical simulations of a Caterpillar diesel engine operating on diesel oil and different soybean methyl ester (SME) blends are presented in this paper. A comparison of these theoretical results with published experimental data for the SME 20 and 40 per cent blends shows good agreement. As the proposed model provides a fairly accurate prediction of the heat release rate during the combustion process and the levels of NOx and PM emission formations the model may be used for the optimisation of the engine's design and its working process parameters.
HeywoodJ. B.Internal combustion engine fundamentals, 1988 (McGraw-Hill, New York).
9.
HiroyasuH.KadotaT.AraiM.Development and use of a spray combustion modeling to predict diesel engine efficiency and pollutant emissions. Paper 214–12. Bull. JSME, 1983, 26(N214), 576–583.
10.
ZhuY.ZhaoH.Computational study of the effects of the throat diameter of the piston bowl for the performance and emissions of a high-speed direct-injection diesel engine. Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2006, 220(N1), 111–124.
11.
ZhuYZhaoH.LadommatosN.Computational fluid dynamics study of the effects of the re-entrant lip shape and toroidal radii of piston bowl on a high-speed direct-injection diesel engine's performance and emissions. Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2005, 219(N8), 1011–1023.
12.
GaoZ.SchreiberW.A theoretical investigation of two possible modifications to reduce pollutant emissions from a diesel engine. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2002, 216(N7), 619–628.
13.
MicklowG. J.GongW.Combustion modelling for direct injection diesel engines. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2001, 215(N5), 651–663.
14.
GoldsworthyL.Computational fluid dynamics modelling of residual fuel oil combustion in the context of marine diesel engines. Int. J. Eng. Res., 2006, 7(N2), 181–199.
15.
LiuZ.KarimG. A.Simulation of combustion processes in gas-fuelled diesel engines. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part A: J. Power and Energy, 1997, 211(N2), 159–169.
16.
MansouriS. H.BakhshanY.The k- turbulence modelling of heat transfer and combustion processes in a Texaco controlled combustion stratified charge engine. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2000, 214(N2), 149–158.
17.
MengX.JiangZ.WangX.JiangD.Quasidimensional multizone combustion model for direct injection engines fuelled with dimethyl ether. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 2004, 218(N3), 315–321.
18.
CatonJ. A.Effects of the compression ratio on nitric oxide emissions for a spark ignition engine: Results from a thermodynamic cycle simulation. Int. J. Eng. Res., 2003, 4(N4), 249–268.
Ban-WeissG. A.ChenJ. Y.BuchholzB. A.DibbleR. W.A numerical investigation into the anomalous slight NOx increase when burning biodiesel; A new (old) theory. Fuel Process. Technol., 2007, 88(N7), 659–667.
21.
KuleshovA. S.Use of multi-zone DI diesel spray combustion model for simulation and optimization of performance and emissions of engines with multiple injection. SAE paper 2006-01-1385, 2006.
22.
KuleshovA. S.Multi-zone DI diesel spray combustion model and its application for matching the injector design with piston bowl shape. SAE paper 2007-01-1908, 2007.
23.
RazleytsevN. F.Combustion simulation and optimization in diesels (in Russian), 1980, p. 169 (Vischa Shkola, Kharkov).
24.
LyshevskyA. S.Fuel atomization in marine diesels (in Russian), 1971, 248 pp. (Sudostroenie, St. Petersburg).
25.
KuoT. W.BraccoF. V.On the scaling of transient laminar, turbulent and spray jets. SAE paper 820038, 1982.
26.
HiroyasuH.KadotaT.AraiM.Supplementary comments: Fuel spray characterization in diesel engines. In Combustion modeling in reciprocating engines (Eds MattaviJ. N.AmannC. A.), 1980, pp. 369–408 (Plenum Press, NY).
27.
ArregleJ.PastorJ. V.RuizS.The influence of injection parameters on diesel spray characteristics. SAE paper 1999-01-0200, 1999.
28.
PastorJ. V.EncaboE.RuizS.New modelling approach for fast online calculations in sprays. SAE paper 2000-01-0287, 2000.
29.
LarmiM.RantanenP.TiainenJ.KiijarviJ.TannerF. X.Stalsberg-ZarlingK.Simulation of nonevaporating diesel sprays and verification with experimental data. SAE paper 2002-01-0946, 2002.
30.
NakagawaH.OdaY.KatoS.NakashimaM.TateishiM.Fuel spray motion in side injection combustion system for diesel engines. In Proceedings of the International Symposium COMODIA 90, 1990, pp. 281–286.
31.
GavrilovV. V.Methods increasing quality of fuel-air mixing and combustion in a marine diesel based on mathematical and physical simulation of local in cylinder processes (in Russian), 2004 (StPbSMTU, St. Petersburg).
Life cycle inventory of biodiesel and petroleum diesel for use in an urban bus. Final report, NERL/SR-580-24089, 1998, 314 p.
34.
YuanW.HansenA. C.ZhangQ.Vapor pressure and normal boiling point predictions for pure methyl esters and biodiesel fuels. Fuel, 2005, 84(N7–8), 943–950.
35.
YuanW.HansenA. C.ZhangQ.Predicting the physical properties of biodiesel for combustion modeling. Trans. ASAE, 2003, 46(N6), 1487–1493.
36.
ReidR. C.PrausnitzJ. M.PolingB. E.The properties of gases and liquids, 4th edition, 1987 (McGraw-Hill, New York).
37.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions. Draft technical report EPA420-P-02-001, United States Environmental Protection Agency, October 2002.
38.
ChoiC. Y.BowerG. R.ReitzR. D.Effects of biodiesel blended fuels and multiple injections on D.I. diesel engines. SAE Paper No 970218, 1997.
39.
TchesnokovS. A.Simulation of high-temperature reactions of combustion (in Russian), 2002, p. 163 (TGU, Tula).
40.
TaoF.GolovitchevV. I.ChomiakJ.Application of complex chemistry to investigate the combustion zone structure of DI diesel sprays under engine-like conditions, 2001, p. 9 (Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg).
