An irreversible four-temperature-level absorption heat pump cycle model with a generalized heat-transfer law of Q θ Δ (Tn) (n ≠ 0) is established, which considers effects of heat resistances, heat leakages, and internal irreversibility. The general relation between the coefficient of performance and the heating load is deduced. The fundamental optimal relation and the performance limit, the optimal temperatures of working fluid, as well as the optimal heat-transfer surface area distributions with linear phenomenological heat-transfer law are derived analytically. Moreover, effects of heat-transfer law, heat leakage, and internal irreversibility on the performance of absorption heat pumps are analysed; and the performance comparison is performed for the distribution of the total heat-transfer surface area is optimized or not by numerical example. The results obtained herein are useful for optimal design and performance improvement of absorption heat pump cycles.
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