Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Weak focusing laser beams can guide micrometre-sized beads to direct-write two-dimensional patterns or three-dimensional structures. Applications based on laser guidance have been found in many fields including biological research areas. This paper discusses the effects of convection, which is the main disturbance during laser-guided transportation. The heat generated by optical absorption causes the convection flow, as observed in experiments. To investigate this convection flow, a finite element analysis (FEA) model was set up and computation under different heat load conditions was carried out. The results show that the convection flow velocity at the laser beam centre has a direct proportional relation to the incident power and varies with the position of the laser beam.

Keywords

laser guided transportation convection heat generation finite element analysis (FEA)

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Ashkin

Acceleration and trapping of particles by radiation pressure. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1970, 24(4), 156–159.

Svoboda

Block

S. M.

Biological applications of optical forces. Annual Rev. Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, 1994, 23, 247–285.

Renn

M. J.

Pastel

Direct writing of materials by laser guidance. In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest, 1999, p. 514 (Optical Society of America, Washington DC).

Renn

M. J.

Pastel

Particle manipulation and surface patterning by laser guidance. J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. B, 1998, 16(6), 3859–3863.

Renn

M. J.

Pastel

Lewandowski

H. J.

Laser guidance and trapping of mesoscale particles in hollow-core optical fibers. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1999, 82(7), 1574–1577.

Odde

D. J.

Renn

M. J.

Laser-guided direct writing of living cells. Biotechnol. Bioengng, 2000, 67(3), 312–318.

Gao

B. Z.

Fass

J. N.

Renn

M. J.

Odde

D. J.

Nano and microscale manipulation of biological particles by laser-guided direct writing. SPIE Proc., 2002, 4608, 245–250.

Grant

S. A.

Pastel

R. L.

Laser-guided direct writing: A novel method to deposit biomolecules for biosensors arrays. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng, 2003, 50(1), 126–128.

Odde

D. J.

Renn

M. J.

Laser-guided direct writing for applications in biotechnology. Trends in Biotechnol., 1999, 17(10), 385–389.

10.

Douglas

B. C.

Material processing: The power of direct writing. Science, 2000, 289(5481), 879–811.

11.

Chen

Yan

Zhang

Analysis of the depositing forming process based on laser-guided direct writing. In Progress in Rapid Prototyping and Rapid Manufacturing, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing, Beijing, PR China, 19–20 August 2002, pp. 277–282 (Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, PR China).

12.

Nahmias

Y. K.

Odde

D. J.

Analysis of radiation forces in laser trapping and laser-guided direct writing applications. IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, 2002, 38(2), 131–141.

13.

Barozzi

G. S.

Corticelli

M. A.

Natural convection in cavities containing internal sources. Heat and Mass Transfer, 2000, 36(6), 473–480.

14.

Toru

Min

H. J.

Kunio

Natural convection in a differentially heated square cavity with internal heat generation. Numer. Heat Transfer: An Int. J. Comput. Methodology; Part A: Applics, 1992, 21(2), 215–229.

15.

Niemz

Laser-Tissue Interactions, 1996 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York).

Effects of convection in laser-guided transportation

Abstract

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References