In this paper, an adaptive arbitrary Lagrangian—Eulerian (ALE) large deformation finite element method (FEM) is developed for solving metal forming problems with strain localization. The ALE mesh movement is coupled with r-adaptation of automatic node relocation to minimize mesh distortion during the process of deformation. A strain localization phenomenon is incorporated through constitutive relations for porous ductile materials. Prediction of localized deformation is achieved through a multilevel mesh superimposition method, called s-adaptation. A few metal forming problems are simulated to test the effectiveness of this model.
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