This research evaluated effects of asking students to apply principles of learning, presented in a beginning psychology course, on examination scores. Compared to control subjects, treatment subjects performed better on factual questions but not on application questions. We suggest that reviewing numerous examples of application questions helped students to integrate and remember the material better, but did not help them to apply principles to new situations.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AndreT. (1979). Does answering higher-level questions while reading facilitate productive learning?Review of Educational Research, 49, 280–318.
2.
BingS. (1982). Role of adjunct questions and reading ability levels on rote and conceptual learning from prose. Instructional Science, 11, 129–138.
3.
BrownL. T. (1983). Some more misconceptions about psychology among introductory psychology students. Teaching of Psychology, 10, 207–210.
4.
DuchastelP. C. (1983). Interpreting adjunct question research: Processes and ecological validity. Human Learning, 2, 1–5.
5.
FelkerD. B.DapraR. A. (1975). Effects of question type and question placement on problem-solving ability from prose material. Journal of Educational Psychology, 67, 380–384.
6.
HamakerC. (1986). The effects of adjunct questions on prose learning. Review of Educational Research, 56, 212–242.
7.
HamiltonR. (1985). A framework for the evaluation of the effectiveness of adjunct questions and objectives. Review of Educational Research, 55, 47–85.
8.
HamiltonR. (1986). Role of adjunct questions and subject ability levels on the learning of concepts from prose. American Educational Research Journal, 23, 87–94.
9.
LaheyB. B. (1986). Psychology: An introduction (2nd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Brown.
10.
RichardsJ. P.DennerP. R. (1978). Inserted questions as aids to reading text. Instructional Science, 7, 313–346.
11.
RothkopfE. Z. (1965). Some theoretical and experimental approaches to problems in written instruction. In KrumboltzJ. D. (Ed.), Learning and the educational process (pp. 193–221). Chicago: Rand McNally.
12.
RothkopfE. Z. (1966). Learning from written instructive materials: An exploration of the control of inspection behavior by test-like events. American Educational Research Journal, 3, 241–422.
13.
WattsG. H.AndersonR. C. (1971). Effects of three types of inserted questions on learning from prose. Journal of Educational Psychology, 62, 387–394.
14.
WollenK. A.QuackenbushR. L.HamlinC. K. (1985). The use of literal and applied test questions to assess understanding of concepts. Teaching of Psychology, 12, 136–139.
