The aim in this rst article of the series is to examine aspects of intensive care in relation to orthopaedic trauma. Spinal injuries create their own special problems for intensive care management and will be covered later with neurological injuries. A case report of a gentleman with a traumatic pelvic fracture is used to illustrate and guide the discussion of several key points.
Behrman SW, Fabian TC, Kudst KA, Taylor JC.1990. Improved outcome with femur fractures: early versus delayed fixation. J Trauma30: 792-797.
2.
Bone LB, Johnson KD, Weigett J, Scheinberg R.1989. Early versus delayed stabilisation of femoral fractures. A prospective randomised study. Am J Bone Joint Surg71: 336-340.
3.
Deakin CD, Hicks IR.1994. AB or ABC: pre-hospital fluid management in major trauma. Emerg Med J11(3): 154-157.
4.
Eisner MD, Thompson T, Hudson LDet al.2001. Efficacy of low tidal volume ventilation in patients with different clinical risk factors for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med164(2): 231-236.
5.
Faist E, Baue AE, Dittmer H, Heberer G.1983. Multiple organ failure in polytrauma patients. J Trauma-Injury Infect Crit Care23(9): 775-787.
6.
Kelly E, Shah NS, Morgan NN, Watkins SC, Peitzman AB, Billiar TR.1997. Physiologic and molecular characterization of the role of nitric oxide in hemorrhagic shock: evidence that type II nitric oxide synthase does not regulate vascular decompensation. Shock7(3): 157-163.
7.
Mellor A, Soni N.2001. Fat embolism. Anaesthesia56(2): 145-154.
8.
Miller PR, Moore PS, Mansell E, Meredith JW, Chang MC.2003. External fixation or arteriogram in bleeding pelvic fracture: initial therapy guided by markers of arterial haemorrhage. J Trauma-Injury Infect Crit Care54(3): 437-442.
9.
Murray CJ, Lopez AD.1997. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet349(9064): 1498-1504.
10.
Pape HC, Dwenger A, Sturm JA, Tscherne H.1993. Influence of thoracic trauma and primary femoral intra-medullary nailing on the incidence of ARDS in multiple trauma patients. Injury24(Suppl 3): S82-S103.
11.
Pell M, Flynn WJ, Seibel RW.1998. Is colostomy always necessary in the treatment of open pelvic fractures?J Trauma-Injury Infect Crit Care45(2): 371-373.
12.
Report of Final Mortality Statistics. 2001. Monthly vital statistics report, 45. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control.
13.
Roberts I, Evans P, Bunn F, Kwan I, Crowhurst E.2001. Is the normalisation of blood pressure in bleeding trauma patients harmful?Lancet357(9253): 385-387.
14.
Szabo C.1998. Potential role of the peroxynitrate-poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase pathway in a rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock. Shock9(5): 341-344.
15.
Talucci RC, Manning J, Lampard S, Bach A, Carrico CJ.1983. Early intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures: a cause of fat embolism syndrome. Am J Surg146: 107-111.