Rheumatoid nodules in a patient with primary antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome

Abstract

A 29-year-old woman presented with multiple rheumatoid nodules in both hands. Clinical features and supportive laboratory investigations revealed antiphospholipid syndrome. A review of rheumatoid nodules and cutaneous manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome is presented.

Keywords

rheumatoid nodules antiphospholipid syndrome

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Hughes GRV , Harris NN , Gharavi AE . The anticardiolipin syndrome . J Rheumatol 1986; 13: 486–489 .

Alegre VA , Gastineau DA , Winkelmann RK . Skin lesions associated with circulating lupus anticoagulant . Br J Dermatol 1989; 120: 419–429 .

Asherson RA et al. The spectrum of livedo reticularis and anti-cardiolipin antibodies . Br J Dermatol 1989; 120: 215–222 .

Grobb JJ , Bonerandi JJ . Cutaneous manifestations associated with the presence of the lupus anticoagulant . J Am Acad Dermatol 1986; 15: 211–219 .

Asherson, RA , Jacobelli S , Rosenberg H , McKee P , Hughes GRV . Skin nodules and macules resembling vasculitis in the antiphospholipid syndrome – a report of two cases . Clin Exp Dermatol 1992; 17: 266–269 .

Renfro L , Franks AG , Grodberg M , Kamino H . Painful nodules in a young female . Arch Dermatol 1992; 128: 847–848 .

Koopman WJ . Arthritis and allied conditions (13th edn). Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore , 1997; 1050–1051.

Duthie JJR , Brown PE , Truelove LH , Baragar FD , Lawrie AJ . Course and prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis . Ann Rheum Dis 1964; 23: 193–204 .

Wolf P , Gretler J , Aglas F , Auer-Grumback P , Rainer F . Anti-cardiolipin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: their relation to rheumatoid nodules and cutaneous vascular manifestations . Br J Dermatol 1994; 131: 48–51 .

10.

Hahn BH , Yardley JH , Stevens MB . Rheumatoid nodules in systemic lupus erythematosus . Ann Intern Med 1970; 79: 49–58 .

11.

London MG , Bland GH . Ankylosing spondylitis with subcutaneous nodules . New Engl J Med 1962; 268: 991–993 .

12.

Hannonen P , Mottonen T , Oka M . Palindromic rheumatism. A clinical survey of sixty patients . Scand J Rheumatol 1987; 16: 413–420 .

13.

Ginsberg MH , Genaut HK , Yu TF , McCarty DJ . Rheumatoid nodulosis: an unusual variant of rheumatoid disease . Arthritis Rheum 1975; 18: 49–58 .

14.

Draheim JH , Johnson LC , Helwig EB . A clinical pathologic analysis of ‘rheumatoid’ nodules occurring in 54 children . Am J Pathol 1959; 35: 679–682 .

15.

Fitz JG , Petri M , Hellman D . Chronic active hepatitis presenting with rheumatoid nodules and arthritis . J Rheumatol 1987; 14: 595–598 .

16.

Ziff M . The rheumatoid nodule . Arthritis Rheum 1990; 33: 761–767 .

17.

Moore CP , Wilkens RF . The subcutaneous nodule: its significance in the diagnosis of rheumatic disease . Semin Arthritis Rheum 1977; 7: 63–79 .