Situated in the southern part of the Polish Outer Carpathians, the development of the Krynica lanslide is presented in detail. Head scarps, slide shoulders and colluvial ridges connected with particular episodes of sliding occur on the western slope of the Parkowa Góra Mountain. Peaty silts and calcareous tufa suitable for the radiocarbon dating fill depressions within colluvial masses. Calcareous deposits contain rich assemblages of molluscs characterizing changes of the climate and the environment during the Late Vistulian and the Holocene. Four stages in the evolution of the landslide correspond with phases of increased mass movements distinguished elsewhere in the Carpathians according to radiocarbon dating as well as palynological and malacological analyses. The phases of enhanced mass movement correlate in turn with climatic changes.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1984a: Zespoty malakofauny w czwartorzedowych osadach polskich Karpat (Malacofaunal assemblages in the Quaternary deposits of the Polish Carpathians). Biul. Inst. Geol. 346, 187-205 .
2.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1884b: środkowoholoceńska malakofauna z Harcygrundu kolo Czorsztyna (Pieniśski Pas Skalkowy). Studia Geologica, 88, 95-114 .
3.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1987: Analiza malakologiczna w badaniach osadów czwartozedowych (Malacological analysis in Quaternary research). Kwartalnik AGH-Geologia12, 3-240 .
4.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1993: Late Quaternary landslides at eastern periphery of the National Park of the Pieniny Mountains, Carpathians, Poland . Studia Geologica Polonica102, 209-225 .
5.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1996: Holoceńskie fazy intensyfikacji procesów osuwiskowych w Karpatach (Stages of increased mass movements in the Carpathians during the Holocene). Kwartalnik AGH-Geologia22, 223-262 .
6.
Alexandrowicz, S.W.1997: Holocene dated landslides in the Polish Carpathians . Palaeoclimate Resarch19, 75-83 .
7.
Alexandrowicz, S.W. and Alexandrowicz, W.P.1995: Quaternary molluscan assemblages of the Polish Carpathians . Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica29, 41-54 .
8.
Alexandrowicz, S.W. , Alexandrowicz, W.P. , Krapiec, M. and Szychowska-Krapiec, E.1997: Zmiany środowiska poludniowej Polski w okresie historycznym (Changes of the environment of southern Poland during the Historic Period). Kwartalinik AGH-Geologia23, 339-388 .
9.
Alexandrowicz, S.W. , Klimek, K. , Kowalkowski, A. , Mamakowa. K. , Niedzialkowska, E. , Pazdur, M. and Starkel, L.1981: The evolution of the Wisloka valley near Debica during the Late Glacial and Holocene . Folia Quaternaria, 53, 1-91 .
10.
Alexandrowicz, W.P.1997: Malakofauna osadów czwartorzedowych i zmiany śfrodowiska naturalnego Podhala w mlodszym vistulianie i holocenie (Malacofauna of Quaternary deposits and environmental changes of the Podhale Basin during the Late Vistulian and Holocene). Folia Quaternaria68, 7-132 .
11.
Alexandrowicz, Z. and Alexandrowicz, S.W.1988: Ridge-top trenches and rifts in the Polish Outer Carpathians . Annales Societas Geologorum Poloniae58, 207-228 .
12.
Atexandrowicz, Z. , Gonera, M. , Margielewski, W. and Urban, J.1996: Geoochrona Beskidu Sadeckiego i Kotliny Sadeckiej (Geoconservation of the Beskid Sadecki Mountains and the Sacz Basin, Polish Carpathians). Studia Naturae42, 6-148 .
13.
Bajger, M.1992: Zastosowanie lichenometrii w datowaniu osuwisk w Beskidzie ślaskim (Lichenometrical dating of landslides in the Beskid ślaski Mountains). Annales Societas Geologorum Poloniae62, 339-346 .
14.
Berrisford, M.S. and Matthews, J.A.1997: Phases of enhanced rapid Stefan Witold Alexandrowicz and Zofia Alexandrowicz: Landslides in the Carpathians 99 mass movement and climatic variation during the Holocene: a synthesis . Palaeoclimate Research19, 409-440 .
15.
Birkenmajer, K. and Oszczypko, N.1989: Cretaceous and Paleogene lithostratigraphic units of the Magura Nappe, Krynica Subunit, Carpathians . Annales Societas Geologorum Poloniae59, 145-181 .
16.
Bober, L.1984: Rejony osuwiskowe w polskich Karpatach fliszowych i ich zwiázek z budowá geologiczna regionu (Landslide areas in the Polish Flysch Carpathians and their connection with the geological structure of the region). Biul. Inst. Geol.340, 115-162 .
17.
Evans, J.G.1972: Land snails in archaeology. London and New York: Seminar Press . 436-436.
Gil, E. , Gilot, E. , Kotarba, A. , Starkel, L. and Szczepanek, K.1974: An early Holocene landslide in the Niski Beskid and its significance for paleogeographical reconstructions . Studia Geomorphologica CarpathoBalcanica8, 69-83 .
20.
Hammer, C.U. , Clausen, H.B. and Dansgaard, W.1980: Greenland ice sheet evidence of post-glacial volcanism and its climatic impact . Nature288, 230-235 .
21.
Kalicki, T. and Krapiec, M.1991: Black oaks and Subatlantic alluvia of the Vistula in the Branice-Stryjów near Cracow . Geographical Studies, Spec. Iss. 6, 39-61 .
22.
Kalicki, T. , Starkel, L. , Sala, J. , Soja, R. and Zernickaya, V.P.1996: Subboreal paleochannel system in the Vistula Valley near Zabierzów Bocheński (Sandomierz Basin). Geographical Studies, Spec. Iss., 9, 129-158 .
23.
Kotarba. A.1989: On the age of debris flows in the Tatra Mountains . Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica23, 139-152 .
24.
Krapiec. M.1992: Skale dendrochronologiczne późnego holocenu pohuniowej i centralnej Polski (Late-Holocene tree-ring chronologies of south and central Poland). Kwartalnik AGH-Geologia18, 37-119 .
Ložek, V.1982: Faunengeschichtliche Grundlinien zur spä-und nacheiszeilichen Entwicklung der Molluskenbestände in Mitteleuropa . Rozpravy Česlkoslov. Akad. Věd92, 1-106 .
27.
Margielewski, W.1997a: Dated landslides of the Jaworzyna Krynicka Range and their relation to stages of relief development of the Carpathians . Annales Societas Geologorum Poloniae67, 83-92 .
28.
Margielewski, W.1997b: Formy osuwiskowe pasma Jaworzyny Krynickiej i ich zwiazek z budowa geologiczna regionu (Landslide forms of the Jaworzyna Krynicka Range and their connection with the geological structure of the region). Kwartalnik AGH-Geologia23, 45-102 .
29.
Panizza, M. , Pasuto. A. , Silvano, S. and Soldati, M.1997: Landsliding during the Holocene in the Cortina d'Ampezzo region, Italian Dolomites . Palaeoclimate Research19, 17-31 .
30.
Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, M. and Starkel, L.1988: Record of the hydrological changes during the Holocene in the lake, mire and fluvial deposits of Poland . Folia Quaternaria57, 91-127 .
31.
Starket, L.1985: The reflection of the Holocene climatic variations in the slope and fluvial deposits and forms in the European Mountains . Ecologia Mediterranea11, 91-108 .
32.
Starket, L.1986: Holocene climatic changes reflected in the slope and valley floor evolution in European Mountains . Studia Geomorphologica Carptho-Bakanica20, 49-57 .
33.
Starket, L.1991: Environmental changes at the Younger Dryas-Preboreal transition and during the early Holocene: some distinctive aspects in central Europe . The Holocene1, 234-242 .
34.
Starket, L.1997: Mass movements during the Holocene: the Carpathian example and the European perspective . Palaeoclimate Research19, 385-400 .
35.
Starkel, L. , Kalicki, T. , Krapiec, M. , Soja, R. , Ggbica, P. and Czyżowska, E.1996: Hydrological changes of valley floor in the Upper Vistula Basin during the Late Vistulian and Holocene . Geographical Studies, Spec. Iss. 9, 7-128 .
36.
Świdziński, H.1972: Geologia i wody mineralne Krynicy (Geology and mineral waters of Krynica). Prace Geologiczne70, 5-105 .
